Aneurysm

Changed by Yuranga Weerakkody, 9 Nov 2015

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Aneurysms are focal abnormal dilatation of a blood vessel. They typically occur in arteries, venous aneurysms are rare. Aneurysms may also occur in the heart.

Pathology

Pathological types

true aneurysm
false aneurysm (or pseudoaneurysm)

Causes

congenital
atherosclerosis
hypertension
vasculitis
hereditary connective tissue disorders
- Marfan syndrome
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
fibromuscular dysplasia
infection:mycotic aneurysm, syphilis (luetic aneurysm)
trauma
iatrogenic
myocardial infarction: may cause left ventricular aneurysm
flow related (in cerebral AVM, contralateral ICA occlusion etc)

Morphology

Morphologically there are two main types of aneurysms. The morphology is not specific for any cause:

saccular aneurysm: eccentric, involving only a portion of the circumference of the vessel wall
fusiform aneurysm: concentric, involving full circumference of the vessel wall

Occasionally a ~~3rd~~3^rd type,serpentine aneurysm has been classified as a separate entiity ³.

Complications

rupture
distal thromboembolism
pressure effects

Image 2 CT (VRT) ( update )

Caption was changed:

Basilar ~~Tip Aneurysm~~tip aneurysm

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