Anterior choroidal artery syndrome
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Anterior choroidal artery (AchA) syndrome is a rare entity characterised by the triad of
- hemiplegia
, - hemianaesthesia and
- contralateral hemianopia
This occurs as a result of cerebral infarction in the anterior choroidal artery territory.
The syndrome may also be associated with neuropsychological disorders, including left neglect syndrome in right-sided lesions and disorders of speech in left-sided lesions.
Incomplete forms of the syndrome are more common than that of complete forms. The incomplete forms include lacunar syndromes and ataxic hemiparesis 5.
Aetiology
The complete AchA strokes are usually associated with cardioembolic sources and carotid stenosis. Smaller AchA strokes usually cause lacunar strokes and are typically due to T2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia 5. The triad of symptoms is rare to see because of the anastomosis with the MCA, PCA and posterior communicating artery.
Diagnosis
The AchA has an extensive area of supply due to large variations in its distributed territory 6. This means that its territory cannot be seen on isolated coronal or axial images 6. As a result of its extensive and strategic supply, AchA infarcts can often be confused with PCA or MCA infarcts 6.
-<p><strong>Anterior choroidal artery (AchA) syndrome</strong> is a rare entity characterised by the triad of hemiplegia, hemianaesthesia and contralateral hemianopia as a result of <a href="/articles/ischaemic-stroke">cerebral infarction</a> in the <a href="/articles/anterior-choroidal-artery">anterior choroidal artery</a> territory.</p><p>The syndrome may also be associated with neuropsychological disorders, including left neglect syndrome in right-sided lesions and disorders of speech in left-sided lesions.</p><p>Incomplete forms of the syndrome are more common than that of complete forms. The incomplete forms include lacunar syndromes and ataxic hemiparesis <sup>5</sup>.</p><h4>Aetiology</h4><p>The complete AchA strokes are usually associated with cardioembolic sources and carotid stenosis. Smaller AchA strokes usually cause lacunar strokes and are typically due to T2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia <sup>5</sup>. The triad of symptoms is rare to see because of the anastomosis with the MCA, PCA and posterior communicating artery.</p><h4>Diagnosis <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>- +<p><strong>Anterior choroidal artery (AchA) syndrome</strong> is a rare entity characterised by the triad of</p><ul>
- +<li>hemiplegia</li>
- +<li>hemianaesthesia and</li>
- +<li>contralateral hemianopia</li>
- +</ul><p>This occurs as a result of <a href="/articles/ischaemic-stroke">cerebral infarction</a> in the <a href="/articles/anterior-choroidal-artery">anterior choroidal artery</a> territory.</p><p>The syndrome may also be associated with neuropsychological disorders, including left neglect syndrome in right-sided lesions and disorders of speech in left-sided lesions.</p><p>Incomplete forms of the syndrome are more common than that of complete forms. The incomplete forms include lacunar syndromes and ataxic hemiparesis <sup>5</sup>.</p><h4>Aetiology</h4><p>The complete AchA strokes are usually associated with cardioembolic sources and carotid stenosis. Smaller AchA strokes usually cause lacunar strokes and are typically due to T2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia <sup>5</sup>. The triad of symptoms is rare to see because of the anastomosis with the MCA, PCA and posterior communicating artery.</p><h4>Diagnosis <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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