Cardiac angiosarcoma
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Cardiac angiosarcomas are the most common sarcoma involving the heart (see cardiac tumours).
Epidemiology and clinical presentation
As these tumours tends to occur in the right atrium and involve the pericardium, patients usually present with right-sided heart failure or cardiac tamponade. They occur slightly more frequently in males. Please refer to the article of angiosarcomas, for a general discussion.
Radiographic features
Two main morphologic types have been described in angiosarcoma:
- well-defined mass protruding into a cardiac chamber, usually the right atrium
.- CT shows a low-attenuation right atrial mass, which may be irregular or nodular (usually arises from the right atrial free wall)
- contrast material enhancement is heterogeneous
- diffusely infiltrative mass extending along the pericardium
- pericardial space may be obliterated with haemorrhagic, necrotic tumour debris
Treatment and prognosis
Prognosis is poor, which may be due in part to the delay in diagnosis (patients usually have metastatic involvement at presentation).
-<p><strong>Cardiac angiosarcomas</strong> are the most common sarcoma involving the heart (see <a href="/articles/primary-cardiac-tumours" title="Primary cardiac tumours">cardiac tumours</a>). </p><h4>Epidemiology and clinical presentation</h4><p>As these tumours tends to occur in the right atrium and involve the pericardium, patients usually present with right-sided heart failure or cardiac tamponade. They occur slightly more frequently in males. Please refer to the article of <a href="/articles/angiosarcoma" title="Angiosarcoma">angiosarcomas</a>, for a general discussion. </p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><p>Two main morphologic types have been described in angiosarcoma:</p><ol>-<li>well-defined mass protruding into a cardiac chamber, usually the right atrium.-<ul>-<li>CT shows a low-attenuation right atrial mass, which may be irregular or nodular (usually arises from the right atrial free wall)</li>-<li>contrast material enhancement is heterogeneous</li>- +<p><strong>Cardiac angiosarcomas</strong> are the most common sarcoma involving the heart (see <a href="/articles/primary-cardiac-tumours">cardiac tumours</a>). </p><h4>Epidemiology and clinical presentation</h4><p>As these tumours tends to occur in the right atrium and involve the pericardium, patients usually present with right-sided heart failure or cardiac tamponade. They occur slightly more frequently in males. Please refer to the article of <a href="/articles/angiosarcoma">angiosarcomas</a>, for a general discussion.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><p>Two main morphologic types have been described in angiosarcoma:</p><ol>
- +<li>well-defined mass protruding into a cardiac chamber, usually the right atrium<ul>
- +<li>CT shows a low-attenuation right atrial mass, which may be irregular or nodular (usually arises from the right atrial free wall)</li>
- +<li>contrast material enhancement is heterogeneous</li>
-</li>-<li>diffusely infiltrative mass extending along the pericardium-<ul><li>pericardial space may be obliterated with haemorrhagic, necrotic tumour debris</li></ul>-</li>- +</li>
- +<li>diffusely infiltrative mass extending along the pericardium<ul><li>pericardial space may be obliterated with haemorrhagic, necrotic tumour debris</li></ul>
- +</li>