Colorectal cancer (staging)
Updates to Article Attributes
Title
was changed:
Colorectal cancer staging(staging)
Body
was changed:
There areColorectal carcinoma staging can be performed using two main colorectal carcinoma staging schemes
Staging
Duke's (Astler-Coller modification)
- stage A: confined to mucosa
- stage B: though muscularis propria
- stage C: local lymph node involvement
- stage D: distant metastases
TNM staging
Primary tumour staging (T)
- Tx: primary tumour cannot be assessed
- T0: no evidence of primary tumour
- Tis: carcinoma in situ
- T1: into (but not through) submucosa
- T2: into (but not through) muscularis propria
-
T3
- through muscularis propria into subserosa, or
- into non-peritonealised pericolic/perirectal tissues
- T4a: penetration of the visceral peritoneal layer
- T4b: penetration or adhesion to adjacent organs
Nodal status (N)
- Nx: nodes cannot be assessed
- N0: no evidence of nodal involvement
- N1a: involvement of one regional nodes
- N1b: involvement of 2-3 regional nodes
- N1c: involvement of serosa or non-peritonealised pericolic/perirectal tissues without regional nodal metastasis
- N2a: involvement of 4-6 nodes
- N2b: involvement of ≥7 mode
Metastases (M)
- Mx: presence of metastases cannot be assessed
- M0: no evidence of metastases
- M1a: distant metastases confined to one organ (e.g. liver, lung, ovary, non-regional node)
- M2b: distant metastases confined to more than one organ or to the peritoneum
-<p>There are two main <strong><a href="/articles/colorectal-carcinoma">colorectal carcinoma</a> staging </strong>schemes. The traditional <a href="/articles/dukes-staging-system">Dukes staging system</a> has largely been replaced by the <a href="/articles/tnm-staging-system">TNM system</a>, but is nonetheless often used clinically.</p><h4>Staging</h4><h5>Duke's (Astler-Coller modification)</h5><ul>- +<p><strong>Colorectal carcinoma staging </strong>can be performed using two systems. The traditional <a href="/articles/dukes-staging-system-for-colorectal-cancer">Dukes staging system</a> has largely been replaced by the <a href="/articles/tnm-staging-system">TNM system</a>, but is nonetheless often used clinically.</p><h4>Staging</h4><h5>Duke's (Astler-Coller modification)</h5><ul>
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