Diffuse colonic nodularity on barium enema or CT colonography has a range of possible etiologies:
- lymphoid hyperplasia (tend to be small and discrete)
- lymphoma (tend to be larger nodules and confluent)
- urticaria (closely spaced polygonal lesions, history is often helpful)
- pseudomembranous colitis (may be patchy or extensive, round plaques)
- cobblestone appearance from Crohn disease or ulcerative colitis
- polyps from ischemic colitis may look similar
- polyposis syndromes
- familial polyposis
- Gardner syndrome
- Cronkhite-Canada syndrome
- (artifact) adherent feces
- (rare) submucosal neurofibromas (usually other stigmata of neurofibromatosis will be seen)
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