Episcleritis describes inflammation of the thin outer layer of the sclera. The episcleral layer is present in between the conjunctiva and sclera and can become acutely inflamed unilaterally or bilaterally.
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Clinical presentation
Clinically, patients may present with:
red eye(s)
ocular discomfort
pain in eye(s)
Less common clinical features include:
photophobia
ocular discharge
Pathology
Aetiology
idiopathic
autoimmune disorders
collagen vascular diseases
infections
malignancy (rare)
Treatment and prognosis
Episcleritis is usually self-limiting, although topical treatments may be used (e.g. lubricants, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, corticosteroids).
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