There are numerous causes of gas in the urinary bladder. In the hospital setting by far the most common is the recent placement of an indwelling urinary catheter. Other causes include 1:
- iatrogenic
- indwelling urinary catheter is by far the most common cause
- cystoscopy, etc.
-
emphysematous cystitis
- intraluminal and intramural gas
- most frequently in patients with diabetes mellitus
- fistula
- enterovesical fistula
- colovesical fistula: most commonly due to diverticulitis or colorectal carcinoma
- rectovesical fistula
- vesicovaginal fistula 2
- vesical fungus ball: most frequently Candida albicans in debilitated patients
- foreign bodies
- trauma
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