Gonadoblastoma
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At the time the article was created Matt A. Morgan had no recorded disclosures.
View Matt A. Morgan's current disclosuresAt the time the article was last revised Jeremy Jones had no recorded disclosures.
View Jeremy Jones's current disclosures- Gonadoblastomas
Gonadoblastomas are uncommon sex cord / stromal tumours. They are associated with disorders of sexual development (previously known as "intersex disorders").
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Epidemiology
The vast majority are found <30 years of age. Most are discovered in the perinatal period. May occur in phenotypic males or females.
Clinical presentation
- associated with disorders of sexual development (previously known as "intersex disorders")
- often found during a workup for a newborn or infant with ambiguous genitalia
- may be hormonally active and present with precocious puberty or virilization 5
Pathology
They are associated with chromosomal abnormalities and gonadal dysgenesis.
Gonadoblastomas are considered by some to be a subtype of undifferentiated (or "mixed" sex cord / stromal tumours, although others consider them distinct entities 2.
Radiographic features
Other imaging findings of a developmental sex disorder should be present. They are bilateral in 30-50% of cases.
Ultrasound
- imaging findings are not well defined
- reported as a hyperechoic lesion in the testis 4, but data is limited
Treatment and prognosis
Although a gonadoblastoma itself is benign, if it is not removed, it tends to develop into a germ cell tumour 2. They are often discovered coexisting with malignancy. If there is a contralateral undescended testis, it is often removed, as it is considered likely to also harbour a gonadoblastoma 3.
References
- 1. Sommers D, Winter T. Ultrasonography Evaluation of Scrotal Masses. Radiol. Clin. North Am. 2014;52 (6): 1265-1281. doi:10.1016/j.rcl.2014.07.014 - Pubmed citation
- 2. Ulbright TM, Young RH. Gonadoblastoma and selected other aspects of gonadal pathology in young patients with disorders of sex development. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2014;31 (5): 427-40. doi:10.1053/j.semdp.2014.07.001 - Pubmed citation
- 3. Papaioannou G, Sebire NJ, McHugh K. Imaging of the unusual pediatric 'blastomas'. Cancer Imaging. 2009;9 (1): 1-11. doi:10.1102/1470-7330.2009.0001 - Free text at pubmed - Pubmed citation
- 4. Hatano T, Yoshino Y, Kawashima Y et-al. Case of gonadoblastoma in a 9-year-old boy without physical abnormalities. Int. J. Urol. 1999;6 (3): 164-6. Pubmed citation
- 5. Scully RE. Gonadoblastoma. A review of 74 cases. Cancer. 1970;25 (6): 1340-56. Pubmed citation
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