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Innermost intercostal muscles

Dr Joshua Yip and Dr Craig Hacking ◉ ◈ et al.

The innermost intercostal muscles are muscles of respiration. They are the deepest intercostal muscles located in the intercostal spaces, and contract along with the internal intercostal muscles to reduce the transverse dimension of the thoracic cavity during expiration.

On this page:

Article:

Gross anatomy
Blood supply
Innervation
Action
Related articles
References

Images:

Cases and figures

Gross anatomy

The innermost intercostal muscles are the most deep muscle of the three intercostal muscles and arise from the inner margin of the costal groove of the rib above. The fibers run in a downwards, backwards and lateral (like the internal intercostal muscles and perpendicular to the external intercostal muscles) direction and insert into the superior border of the rib below. Some authors describe the muscle continuing over several ribs and intercostal spaces, as opposed to the internal and external intercostal muscles which only span each intercostal space ¹.

As their name indicates, they are internal to the internal and external intercostal muscles. Variably, the muscles become continuous anteriorly with the subcostal muscles and posteriorly with the tranversus thoracis muscles.

Blood supply

arterial supply: anterior and posterior intercostal arteries
venous drainage: internal thoracic vein and intercostal veins

Innervation

Muscular branches from the intercostal nerves of the respective intercostal space (T1-T11), which run with the intercostal vessels under the costal groove in between the internal and innermost intercostal muscles.

Action

Innermost intercostal muscle contraction causes reduction in volume of the thoracic cavity in the transverse dimension, expelling air from the lungs during inspiration. They are probably the weakest of the intercostal muscles.

References

Anatomy: Thoracic

thoracic skeleton
- thoracic cage
  - ribs
    - typical ribs
    - atypical ribs
    - variant anatomy
      - bifid ribs
  - costal cartilage
  - sternum
- thoracic spine
- articulations
muscles of the thorax
spaces of the thorax
thoracic viscera
blood supply of the thorax
- arteries
  - thoracic aorta (development)
  - pulmonary trunk
    - left pulmonary artery
      - aberrant left pulmonary artery
    - right pulmonary artery
- veins
  - superior vena cava (cavoatrial junction)
  - inferior vena cava
  - coronary veins
    - cardiac veins which drain into the coronary sinus
      - great cardiac vein
      - middle cardiac vein
      - small cardiac vein
      - posterior vein of the left ventricle
      - vein of Marshall (oblique vein of the left atrium)
    - anterior cardiac veins
    - venae cordis minimae (smallest cardiac veins or thebesian veins)
  - pulmonary veins
    - bronchial veins
lymphatics
innervation of the thorax

Article information

rID: 37731

System: Chest, Musculoskeletal

Section: Anatomy

Tag: anatomy

Synonyms or Alternate Spellings:

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Cases and figures

Figure 1: Intercostal space Figure 1: Intercostal space

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