Os peroneum syndrome

Last revised by Henry Knipe on 10 Feb 2023

Os peroneum syndrome, also known as painful os peroneum syndrome (POPS), refers to a wide spectrum of conditions associated with an os peroneum at the lateral aspect of the foot. It can result in tenosynovitis and/or discontinuity of the fibularis longus tendon.

It can include one or more of the following 4:

  • acute os peroneum fracture or diastasis of a multipartite os peroneum

  • chronic (healing or healed) os peroneum fracture or diastasis of a multipartite os peroneum with callus formation which can result in stenosing tenosynovitis of the fibularis longus 

  • attrition or partial rupture of the fibularis longus tendon, proximal or distal to the os peroneum

  • frank rupture of the fibularis longus tendon with discontinuity proximal or distal to the os peroneum

  • presence of a large peroneal tubercle on the lateral aspect of the calcaneus which entraps the fibularis longus tendon and/or the os peroneum during tendon excursion

Differential diagnosis

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