Paranasal sinus mycetoma
Updates to Article Attributes
Mycetoma in chronic fungal sinusitis is an indolent, non-invasive fungal colonisation of the paranasal sinuses.
Pathology
Pathogenesis is thought to be a cascade of processes from deficient mucociliary clearance leading to sinus colonisation and a chronic inflammatory response. The patient may only have mild symptom or asymptomatic.
Radiographic features
CT 2
Commonly only a single sinus is affected with predilection for the maxillary sinus follow by the sphenoid sinus. The frontal and ethmoid is less often affected. Clue to the diagnosis include soft tissue density within the sinus with/without foci of calcific deposit. Post obstructive change maybe observed if the mycetoma obstructs the sinus drinagedrainage pathway leading to partial or complete sinus opacification2.
Evidence of chronic inflammation with sclerosis and thickening of the wall of the paranasal sinuses. Careful evaluation of the sinus cavity is prudent to exclude bone erosion which is not a feature of mycetoma / chronic fungal sinusitis rather a feature of acute invasive fungal sinusitis2.
MRI5
MRI signalcharacteristics of mycetomas reflect the internal content of the mycelia, vegetative part of a fungus consisting of conglomerate of hyphae.This contain primarily carbohydrates with some glycoproteins, macromolecubar proteins,and iron and manganese.
Mycetomaappear as low signal intensity on both T1WI and T2WI with T2WI being more conspicuous.The presences of paramagnetic elements further shorten the relaxation times and this can be highlight on the susceptibility weighted sequence5.
Chronicinflammatory change of the sinus mucosa may enhanced on post contrast T1WI.
See also
-<p><strong>Mycetoma in chronic fungal sinusitis</strong> is an indolent, non-invasive fungal colonisation of the paranasal sinuses. </p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Pathogenesis is thought to be a cascade of processes from deficient mucociliary clearance leading to sinus colonisation and a chronic inflammatory response. The patient may only have mild symptom or asymptomatic. </p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>CT<sup> 2</sup>-</h5><p>Commonly only a single sinus is affected with predilection for the maxillary sinus follow by the sphenoid sinus. The frontal and ethmoid is less often affected. Clue to the diagnosis include soft tissue density within the sinus with/without foci of calcific deposit. Post obstructive change maybe observed if the mycetoma obstructs the sinus drinage pathway leading to partial or complete sinus opacification. </p><p>Evidence of chronic inflammation with sclerosis and thickening of the wall of the paranasal sinuses. Careful evaluation of the sinus cavity is prudent to exclude bone erosion which is not a feature of mycetoma / chronic fungal sinusitis rather a feature of acute invasive fungal sinusitis. </p><h5><strong>MRI <sup>5</sup></strong></h5><p>MRI signal-characteristics of mycetomas reflect the internal content of the mycelia, vegetative part of a fungus consisting of conglomerate of hyphae.-This contain primarily carbohydrates with some glycoproteins, macromolecubar proteins,-and iron and manganese.</p><p>Mycetoma-appear as low signal intensity on both T1WI and T2WI with T2WI being more conspicuous.-The presences of paramagnetic elements further shorten the relaxation times and this can be highlight on the susceptibility weighted sequence.</p><p>Chronic-inflammatory change of the sinus mucosa may enhanced on post contrast T1WI. </p><h4>See also</h4><ul><li><a href="/articles/fungal-sinusitis" title="Fungal sinusitis">fungal sinusitis</a></li></ul>- +<p><strong>Mycetoma in chronic fungal sinusitis</strong> is an indolent, non-invasive fungal colonisation of the <a title="Paranasal sinuses" href="/articles/paranasal-sinuses">paranasal sinuses</a>. </p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Pathogenesis is thought to be a cascade of processes from deficient mucociliary clearance leading to sinus colonisation and a chronic inflammatory response. The patient may only have mild symptom or asymptomatic. </p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>CT</h5><p>Commonly only a single sinus is affected with predilection for the maxillary sinus follow by the sphenoid sinus. The frontal and ethmoid is less often affected. Clue to the diagnosis include soft tissue density within the sinus with/without foci of calcific deposit. Post obstructive change maybe observed if the mycetoma obstructs the sinus drainage pathway leading to partial or complete sinus opacification <sup>2</sup>. </p><p>Evidence of chronic inflammation with sclerosis and thickening of the wall of the paranasal sinuses. Careful evaluation of the sinus cavity is prudent to exclude bone erosion which is not a feature of mycetoma / chronic fungal sinusitis rather a feature of acute invasive fungal sinusitis <sup>2</sup>.</p><h5><strong>MRI</strong></h5><p>MRI signal characteristics of mycetomas reflect the internal content of the mycelia, vegetative part of a fungus consisting of conglomerate of hyphae. This contain primarily carbohydrates with some glycoproteins, macromolecubar proteins, and iron and manganese.</p><p>Mycetoma appear as low signal intensity on both T1WI and T2WI with T2WI being more conspicuous. The presences of paramagnetic elements further shorten the relaxation times and this can be highlight on the susceptibility weighted sequence <sup>5</sup>.</p><p>Chronic inflammatory change of the sinus mucosa may enhanced on post contrast T1WI. </p><h4>See also</h4><ul><li><a href="/articles/fungal-sinusitis">fungal sinusitis</a></li></ul>
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