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Posterior mediastinum

Dr Daniel J Bell ◉ and Dr Shi Hong Shen et al.

The posterior mediastinum (or paravertebral compartment) is a potential space along the paravertebral sulci. It is conceptually considered a portion of the inferior mediastinum, and separated from the middle mediastinal compartment and the remainder of the extrapleural intrathoracic cavity by arbitrary lines.

On this page:

Article:

Gross anatomy
Related pathology
See also
Related articles
References

Images:

Cases and figures

Gross anatomy

Relations

superiorly: superior mediastinum
anteriorly: anterior and middle mediastinum (which form the other compartments of the inferior mediastinum).

It is continuous with the retropharyngeal space via the posterior part of the superior mediastinum.

Contents

thoracic spine ⁵
paraspinal nervous system ⁶
- thoracic spinal ganglion
- sympathetic trunk and major branches
- rami communicantes of intercostal nerves
paravertebral soft tissues ⁵
- proximal intercostal vessels
distal azygos-hemiazygos venous system ⁶

Boundaries

superiorly: thoracic inlet
inferiorly: diaphragm
anteriorly: posterior boundaries of middle mediastinum (1 cm posterior to anterior margin of thoracic vertebral bodies) ⁵
posteriorly: posterior margin of chest wall, along the transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae
laterally: mediastinal parietal pleura

Related pathology

wide variety of malignancies, e.g. mesothelioma, lung, neurogenic (e.g. schwannoma), teratoma, lymphoma, sarcoma
lymphadenopathy
aortic aneurysm
extramedullary hematopoiesis

See also

main article: differential for a posterior mediastinal mass

References

Anatomy: Thoracic

thoracic skeleton
- thoracic cage
  - ribs
    - typical ribs
    - atypical ribs
    - variant anatomy
      - bifid ribs
      - Srb anomaly
  - costal cartilage
  - sternum
- thoracic spine
- articulations
muscles of the thorax
spaces of the thorax
thoracic viscera
blood supply of the thorax
- arteries
  - thoracic aorta (development)
  - pulmonary trunk
    - left pulmonary artery
      - aberrant left pulmonary artery
    - right pulmonary artery
- veins
  - superior vena cava (cavoatrial junction)
  - inferior vena cava
  - coronary veins
    - cardiac veins which drain into the coronary sinus
      - great cardiac vein
      - middle cardiac vein
      - small cardiac vein
      - posterior vein of the left ventricle
      - vein of Marshall (oblique vein of the left atrium)
    - anterior cardiac veins
    - venae cordis minimae (smallest cardiac veins or thebesian veins)
  - pulmonary veins
    - bronchial veins
lymphatics
innervation of the thorax

Article information

rID: 30563

System: Chest

Section: Anatomy

Synonyms or Alternate Spellings:

Postvascular space

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Cases and figures

Figure 1: mediastinal anatomy (Gray's anatomy illustration)Figure 1: mediastinal anatomy (Gray's anatomy illustration)

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Figure 2: mediastinum (Gray's illustration)Figure 2: mediastinum (Gray's illustration)

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Figure 3: annotated CT (blue)Figure 3: annotated CT (blue)

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