Retroperitoneal hemangioma

Last revised by Yahya Baba on 4 Dec 2021

Retroperitoneal hemangiomas are almost always of the cavernous hemangioma subtype 2

They tend to be asymptomatic, especially in the early stages of their development, but when present, symptoms are non-specific and due to mass effect on the adjacent anatomic structures.

Haemangiomas are generally well defined with round or lobular margins, and with low attenuation, low signal intensity on T1-weighted imaging, and high signal intensity on both  T2-weighted imaging and heavily T2-weighted imaging relative to skeletal muscle.

Calcified phleboliths, when visualized, have very low signal intensity on both T1-weighted imaging and T2-weighted imaging, are better visualized on CT, and are strongly suggestive of the diagnosis.

Non-parenchymal hemangiomas in the abdomen usually demonstrate progressive enhancement 2.

Treatment is conservative, with surgical removal reserved for symptomatic lesions or to establish a tissue diagnosis ref.

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