Articles

Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.

16,833 results found
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Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), also known as hyperandrogenic anovulation, is a chronic anovulation syndrome associated with androgen excess.  The Rotterdam criteria is used to make the diagnosis of PCOS and require any two of the following three criteria for the diagnosis, as well as the e...
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Neurobrucellosis

Neurobrucellosis refers to central nervous system involvement by brucellosis and occurs secondary to ingestion or contact with gram-negative, facultative intracellular coccobacilli of the Brucella species. Up to 10% of infections are complicated by neurological involvement 1.  The remainder of ...
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Demyelinating disorders

Demyelinating disorders are a subgroup of white matter disorders characterized by the destruction or damage of normally myelinated structures. These disorders may be inflammatory, infective, ischemic or toxic in origin and include 1-7: autoimmune demyelination multiple sclerosis (MS) Marburg ...
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Describing recency

Describing when medical information was generated (e.g. new evidence, discoveries, etc.) is commonplace, and often essential, within articles. When providing these descriptions, the preference is to avoid use of 'recent', variations thereof (e.g. 'recently'), and synonyms thereof (e.g. 'new', '...
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Polycystic ovaries

Polycystic ovaries (PCO) or polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) is an imaging descriptor of a particular type of change in ovarian morphology. A proportion of women with polycystic ovaries will have the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which in turn requires additional clinical, as well as b...
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West Point classification of humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament

The West Point classification of humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) was created to describe avulsion injuries of the inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL). Classification This classification has six types of lesions divided into two categories based on anterior or posterior i...
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Split pleura sign (empyema)

The split pleura sign is seen with pleural empyemas and is considered the most reliable CT sign helping to distinguish an empyema from a peripheral pulmonary abscess (see empyema vs pulmonary abscess) 1,2.  The sign results from fibrin coating both the parietal and visceral surfaces of the pleu...
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Mycetoma (lung)

A pulmonary mycetoma, also known as a fungus ball, is due to colonization of a pre-existing cavity by a fungus, usually a species of Aspergillus, in which case it is termed an aspergilloma 1. Terminology Pulmonary mycetoma is unrelated to soft-tissue mycetoma, also known as Madura foot. The la...
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Carotid web

Carotid webs, also known as carotid intimal variant fibromuscular dysplasia, are rare vascular pathologies of the internal carotid artery that are an important cause of cryptogenic and recurrent ischemic stroke. Terminology Carotid webs have had many different names in the literature, includin...
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Ischemic penumbra

Ischemic penumbra denotes the part of an acute ischemic stroke that is at risk of progressing to infarction but is still salvageable if reperfused. It is usually located around an infarct core which represents the tissue which has already infarcted or is going to infarct regardless of reperfusio...
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Angioplasty

Angioplasty, also called balloon angioplasty or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), is a minimally invasive interventional procedure in which an inflatable balloon-tipped catheter is introduced through the skin into the vascular lumen to open a stenotic segment of the vessel. Angioplast...
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Myxoid glioneuronal tumor

Myxoid glioneuronal tumor is a rare and low-grade tumor (WHO grade 1) that usually involve the septum pellucidum, corpus callosum, subcallosal area, periventricular white matter and septal nuclei 1.  Terminology The histologic features of this tumor are similar to dysembryoplastic neuroepithel...
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Extensor compartments of the wrist

The forearm extensor tendonspass under the extensor retinaculum at the level of the wrist. The ligament is divided into six extensor compartments, separated by fibrous septa passing to the bones of the forearm 2. Summary The compartments in order from radial to ulnar are: 1st compartment: ab...
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Carpal tunnel

The carpal tunnel is a fibro-osseous canal in the anterior (volar) wrist that acts as a passageway for structures between the anterior forearm and the hand. Gross anatomy Boundaries superficial border (roof): flexor retinaculum deep border (floor): carpal groove (formed by palmar aspect of c...
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Finger pulley injury

Finger pulley injuries can occur at any one of the five flexor tendon pulleys of the fingers, but most commonly affects the A2 pulley.  Clinical presentation These are overwhelmingly the result of a discrete trauma occurring with the hand in a finger grip position. They are most frequently see...
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Normal upper limb imaging examples

This page lists examples of normal imaging of the upper limb, divided by region and modality. Shoulder girdle plain radiograph sternoclavicular joint: example clavicle: example, example 2, example 3 bilateral clavicle: example 1 acromioclavicular joint example 1 example 2 shoulder exam...
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Imaging technology article structure

Articles about imaging technology require a different structure than articles about disease. Articles with this structure are generally assigned to the imaging technology section and may also be assigned to a specific system if appropriate. ======================================================...
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External calibration marker

An external calibration marker is a radiopaque object with a known size placed within the radiographic field to aid in orthopedic templating. It is important that they are not mistaken for a different type of foreign body. Clinical use The calibration marker, often a ball bearing or washer, ha...
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Medical abbreviations and acronyms (P)

This article contains a list of commonly used medical abbreviations and acronyms that start with the letter P and may be encountered in medicine and radiology (please keep the main list and any sublists in alphabetic order). A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R ...
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Medical abbreviations and acronyms (E)

This article contains a list of commonly used medical abbreviations and acronyms that start with the letter E and may be encountered in medicine and radiology (please keep both the main list and any sublists in alphabetic order). A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q...

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