Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Veiga M, Knipe H, Deng F, et al. Smoker's criteria. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 20 Apr 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-78922
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Henry Knipe had the following disclosures:
- Integral Diagnostics, Shareholder (ongoing)
- Micro-X Ltd, Shareholder (ongoing)
These were assessed during peer review and were determined to
not be relevant to the changes that were made.
View Henry Knipe's current disclosures
Smoker’s criteria use three quantitative measures of basilar artery morphology to diagnose dolichoectasia:
The application of Smoker’s criteria provides a means to diagnose dolichoectasia of the basilar artery 1,2. Elongation is indicated by abnormal laterality or height, ectasia is indicated by abnormal diameter, and doliechoectasia is indicated by the presence of both elongation and ectasia 6.
Classification
Basilar artery diameter
Score of 1 is abnormal:
Laterality
Score ≥2 is abnormal:
0: midline throughout
1: medial to the lateral margin of the clivus or dorsum sellae
2: lateral to lateral margin of clivus or dorsum sellae
3: at the cerebellopontine angle
Height of bifurcation
Score ≥2 is abnormal:
0: at or below the dorsum sellae
1: within the suprasellar cistern (one cut above dorsum)
2: at the 3rd ventricle floor (one cut above suprasellar cistern)
3: indenting and elevating the floor of the 3rd ventricle (two or more cuts above suprasellar cistern)
The above criteria were defined on 5 mm thick slices 1.
History and etymology
Wendy R K Smoker (fl. 2020) is an American neuroradiologist who developed her eponymous criteria in the mid-1980s 1,2.
-
1. Smoker W, Price M, Keyes W, Corbett J, Gentry L. High-Resolution Computed Tomography of the Basilar Artery: 1. Normal Size and Position. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1986;7(1):55-60. PMC8334772 - Pubmed
-
2. Smoker W, Corbett J, Gentry L, Keyes W, Price M, McKusker S. High-Resolution Computed Tomography of the Basilar Artery: 2. Vertebrobasilar Dolichoectasia: Clinical-Pathologic Correlation and Review. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1986;7(1):61-72. PMC8334773 - Pubmed
-
3. Vieco P, Maurin E, Gross C. Vertebrobasilar Dolichoectasia: Evaluation with CT Angiography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1997;18(7):1385-8. PMC8338031 - Pubmed
-
4. Samim M, Goldstein A, Schindler J, Johnson M. Multimodality Imaging of Vertebrobasilar Dolichoectasia: Clinical Presentations and Imaging Spectrum. Radiographics. 2016;36(4):1129-46. doi:10.1148/rg.2016150032 - Pubmed
-
5. Levine R, Turski P, Grist T. Basilar Artery Dolichoectasia. Review of the Literature and Six Patients Studied with Magnetic Resonance Angiography. J Neuroimaging. 1995;5(3):164-70. doi:10.1111/jon199553164 - Pubmed
-
6. Passero S & Rossi S. Natural History of Vertebrobasilar Dolichoectasia. Neurology. 2007;70(1):66-72. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000286947.89193.f3 - Pubmed
Promoted articles (advertising)
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.