Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (staging)
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder staging uses the TNM system which has replaced the previously widely used Jewett-Scott-Marshall tumour staging system. It is very similar to the staging of TCC of the renal pelvis and staging of TCC of the ureter.
TNM staging
T
- Ta - non-invasive papillary tumour
- Tis - in situ (non-invasive flat)
- T1 - through lamina propria into sub-epithelial connective tissues
-
T2 - into muscularis propria
- T2a - only invades inner half of the muscle
- T2b - invades into outer half of the muscle
-
T3 - invasion into perivesical tissues
- T3a - microscopic extravesical invasion
- T3b - macroscopic extravesical invasion
-
T4 - direct invasion into adjacent structures
- T4a - prostate, uterus, vaginal vault
- T4b - pelvic side wall and/or abdominal wall
N
Nodal staging is the same for TCC of any part of the urinary tract.
- N0 - no nodal involvement
-
N1 - single node involved <
; 2cm;2 cm -
N2
- single node 2
-5cm-5 cm or - multiple nodes all <
; 5cm;5 cm 2-3
- single node 2
-
N3 - one or more nodes >
; 5cm;5 cm
M
- M0 - no metastases
- M1 - metastases identified
Staging groups
Individual TNM stages can then be grouped 3-4:
- stage 0 - Ta or Tis, N0, M0
- stage I - T1, N0, M0
- stage II - T2(a or b), N0, M0
- stage III - T3(a or b) or T4a, N0, M0
-
stage IV
- T4b, any N, any M
- N1-3, any T, any M
-<strong>N1</strong> - single node involved < 2cm</li>- +<strong>N1</strong> - single node involved <2 cm</li>
-<li>single node 2-5cm <strong>or</strong>- +<li>single node 2-5 cm <strong>or</strong>
-<li>multiple nodes all < 5cm <sup>2-3</sup>- +<li>multiple nodes all <5 cm <sup>2-3</sup>
-<strong>N3</strong> - one or more nodes > 5cm</li>- +<strong>N3</strong> - one or more nodes >5 cm</li>
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