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What is the most likely underlying cause in this patient?
Likely due to a bronchogenic carcinoma - note the left hilar mass.
What are some indirect signs of atelectasis?
These relate to volume loss, such as elevation of the hemidiaphragm, crowding of the left sided ribs, shift of the mediastinum to the left.
Left upper lobe collapse is confirmed on lateral projection, with hyperinflation of the left lower lobe and increased opacity anteriorly, delimited by the left oblique fissure.