What is the anatomical structure which brings the testis from its renal location to the scrotum?
The gubernaculum – there are one on either side. This is a fetal ligament (or cord) which is attached to the lower pole of the epididymis/testis and aids descent. It then atrophies.
What’s the difference between an undescended and an ectopic testis?
An undescended testis occurs in the line of known embryological descent. An ectopic testis is truly that, in that it occurs in a totally different place from the recognised pathway from the renal level to the scrotum, which occurs during embryological development.
What are the 2 chief reasons for identification of an undescended testis and performing an orchiopexy?
There is a significantly increased risk of malignancy in an uncorrected undescended testis. In addition there is an increased risk of infertility.
Prior ultrasound in an alternative institution.
The normal left testis is identified lying within the left side of the scrotal sac. The undescended smaller right testis is intraperitoneal in location, lying medial to the right external iliac vessels.