What are the common sites for recurrence of renal cell carcinoma?
The renal bed if a nephrectomy has been performed, as well as para-aortic lymph nodes, liver, lung, adrenal and bone metastases.
Do the lung metastases have any characteristic features?
Renal cell carcinoma is one of the primary tumours, which is associated in some cases with multiple, huge lung metastases, termed cannon-ball metastases.
What is Stauffer's syndrome?
The Stauffer syndrome describes nephrogenic hepatomegaly. It comprises a renal malignancy (most commonly renal cell carcinoma) without evidence of hepatic or splenic metastases, but with organomegaly of one or both, and cholestatic liver derangement.
Left nephrectomy.
Bulky enhancing left para-aortic lymphadenopathy, with central necrosis.
Small nodules on both limbs of the left adrenal gland, highly suggestive of adrenal metastases.