Horseshoe kidney

Discussion:

Horseshoe kidney is the most common renal fusion anomaly. Most of the cases are sporadic, but it can be associated with other  urogenital and non-urogenital anomalies.

Although horseshoe kidneys are asymptomatic they may give rise to certain complications as a result of poor drainage, such as urolithiasis. There is increased risk of malignancy associated with this anomaly. Also the abnormal midline location of both the lower poles makes it more susceptible to trauma.

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