Bronchial artery aneurysms are rare, but may be associated with

• prior instrumentation or prior cardiothoracic surgery
• previous infection , particularly TB
• Bronchiectasis and other suppuratives lung conditions
• lung biopsy
• thoracic trauma

Pulmonary artery aneurysms are more frequently encountered, often associated with vasculitides such as Behcet's syndrome, polyarteritis nodosa and Takayasu's disorder.

Embolization of bronchial artery aneurysms is the optimal treatment as they may rupture resulting in massive and life threatening hemoptysis