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Reverse Hills-Sachs lesion

Case contributed by Craig Hacking
Diagnosis certain

Presentation

Fall of mountain bike.

Patient Data

Age: 35 years
Gender: Male
x-ray

Small impaction fracture of the humeral head. Normal alignment. No glenoid fracture evident.

ct

The glenohumeral joint is anatomically located. There is a small impaction fracture of the antero-medial aspect of humeral head, in keeping with a reverse Hill-Sachs lesion. These are usually associated with posterior shoulder dislocation and relocation. No glenoid fracture is identified. No fracture elsewhere.

mri

Bony deformity and edema pattern consistent with CT-demonstrated reverse Hill-Sachs injury.

Large volume joint effusion and edema in surrounding musculature, particularly the posterior deltoid, lateral subscapularis and infraspinatus.

The inferior glenohumeral ligament remains attached at the humeral aspect, however there is some buckling and ill-defined increased signal at the posterior glenoid attachment, consistent with local injury, likely a stripping injury with small full-thickness defect. The remainder of the glenoid attachment is intact.

The labrum is intact, in particular, no reverse bony or cartilaginous Bankart lesion. The bicipital anchor is unremarkable and there is no evidence of SLAP injury.

Mild thickening of subacromial subdeltoid bursa, without a large fluid collection. Associated minor bursal surface irregularity and increased signal of the supraspinatus tendon, consistent with grade 1 fraying, likely non-acute. No discrete or acute tear of the rotator cuff.

Mild degenerative changes are present within the acromioclavicular joint, however this remains normally aligned with no evidence of acute injury.

Although there is edema in the region of the rotator interval, the superior glenohumeral and coracohumeral ligaments remain intact and the overall extent of edema in this region is similar to that elsewhere around the shoulder joint.

Conclusion

Reverse Hill-Sachs fracture and injury to the posterior aspect glenoid attachment IGHL, consistent with previous posterior dislocation. No posterior labral injury, SLAP lesion or acute rotator cuff tear.

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