Renal cell carcinomas (RCC) are primary malignant adenocarcinomas derived from the renal tubular epithelium and are the most common malignant renal tumor. They usually occur in 50-70 year old patients and macroscopic hematuria occurs in 60% of the cases.

On imaging they have a variety of radiographic appearances, from solid and relatively homogeneous to markedly heterogeneous with areas of necrosis, cystic change and hemorrhage.