What is the most likely diagnosis of bilateral non-hydronephrotic enlarged kidneys?
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
What are the likely changes to occur in the liver in children with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease?
Hepatic fibrosis and biliary tract cystic changes (Caroli disease)
Which imaging modality is more useful for detection of Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease?
Ultrasonography (antenatal and postnatal).
Both kidneys are enlarged in size (right: 10 cm and left 9 cm in bipolar diameter) showing increased echogenicity (due to acoustic enhancement of the tiny cysts) and altered corticomedullary differentiation. No hydronephrosis is noted. No focal mass lesion is seen.
With high-frequency linear probe, numerous tiny cylindrical cysts are visualized representing ectatic collecting ducts. One of the cysts measures 1.6 mm.
Liver shows course echogenic texture (? hepatic fibrosis) with evidence of cystic dilatation in the right lobe of the liver (? biliary tract cystic change). The gallbladder is normal.