Items tagged “abr certifying ultrasound”
33 results found
Article
Retained products of conception
Retained products of conception (RPOC) refer to the persistence of placental and/or fetal tissue in the uterus following delivery, termination of pregnancy or a miscarriage.
Epidemiology
RPOC complicates ~2.5% (range 1-5%) of all routine vaginal deliveries 12.
According to one prospective st...
Article
Physiological gut herniation
Physiological gut herniation is a natural phenomenon that occurs in early pregnancy. It usually occurs from around 6-8 weeks until 12-13 weeks in utero, after which the bowel returns to the abdominal cavity.
Physiology
It occurs as a result of the bowel (particularly ileum) growing faster tha...
Article
Subchorionic hemorrhage
Subchorionic hemorrhage occurs when there is perigestational hemorrhage and blood collects between the uterine wall and the chorionic membrane in pregnancy. It is a frequent cause of first and second trimester bleeding.
Epidemiology
It typically occurs within the first 20 weeks of gestation. W...
Article
Heterotopic pregnancy
Heterotopic pregnancy is a rare situation when there is an intra-uterine and extra-uterine (i.e. ectopic) pregnancy occurring simultaneously.
Epidemiology
The estimated incidence in the general population is estimated at 1:30,000 (for a naturally conceived pregnancy 7). The incidence among pat...
Article
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a broad term that encompasses a spectrum of infection and inflammation of the upper female genital tract, resulting in a range of abnormalities.
Epidemiology
The highest incidence is seen among sexually-active women in their teens, with 75% of cases being ...
Article
IUCD-related uterine perforation
IUCD-related uterine perforations are one of the causes of uterine perforation. It is a rare, but serious complication of an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD), and is often clinically silent.
Epidemiology
The incidence rate is reported at ~2 in 1000 2.
Risk factors
postpartum period ...
Article
Chorion
The chorion is one of the embryonic membranous structures that encloses the fetus and the amnion. The chorion begins to form chorionic villi towards its outer surface, which initially serves to provide nutrition to the developing embryo.
Part of the chorionic villi arborize more extensively an...
Article
Amnion
Amnion refers to a membranous structure which covers and protects the embryo. It forms inside the chorion. The amnion usually fuses with the outer chorion by around 14 weeks of gestation.
Radiographic features
Ultrasound
The amnion can be visualized in most pregnancies before the 12th week of...
Article
Harmonic imaging
Harmonic imaging is a technique in ultrasonography that provides images of better quality as compared with conventional ultrasound technique.
Physics
Harmonic imaging exploits non-linear propagation of ultrasound through the body tissues. The high pressure portion of the wave travels faster th...
Article
Testicular trauma
Testicular trauma is the third most-common cause of acute scrotal pain and may result in various degrees of damage to the testes.
Pathology
Testicular rupture and testicular ischemia/infarct are two severe complications which need to be ruled out. Other injuries that can occur include 1:
test...
Article
Rhombencephalon
The rhombencephalon (plural: rhombencephalons or rhombencephala), or hindbrain is a primary vesicle of the neural tube.
Development
During the fifth week of embryological development, the rhombencephalon further subdivides into the secondary brain vesicles, the metencephalon and the myelenceph...
Article
Beta-hCG
Beta-hCG (bHCG or β-hCG) is a sex hormone found in the mother's blood serum that can be used to help interpret obstetric ultrasound findings.
Beta-hCG levels may be used in three ways in the clinical setting of pregnancy:
qualitatively, for presence/absence of fetal tissue
more often determin...
Article
3D ultrasound
Three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound is a technique that converts standard 2D grayscale ultrasound images into a volumetric dataset. The 3D image can then be reviewed retrospectively. The technique was developed for problem-solving (particularly in obstetric/gynecologic exams) and to potentially re...
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