Items tagged “cases”

5,504 results found
Article

Distal biceps tendon reconstruction

Distal biceps tendon reconstruction is an uncommon surgical procedure used to restore elbow flexion and/or supination power in the situation of a chronic distal biceps tendon rupture. Indications The classical indication for distal biceps tendon reconstruction is a chronic biceps tendon injury...
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Bone tunnel

Bone tunnels, osseous or transosseous tunnels are cylindrical iatrogenic holes or channels in bone created by surgeons by drilling or reaming. They usually serve as a fixation site or introductory channel for surgical implants and/or devices 1-3. Radiographic features Approximately 6 weeks aft...
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Tendon

Tendons are flexible and inelastic bands of strong fibrous connective tissue that transmit force from muscle to bone and form an integral part of the musculoskeletal system. They can be intraarticular, coated in a tendon sheath or remain extrasynovial, coated by paratenon. Tendons are considered...
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LaPrade classification system of meniscal root tears

The LaPrade classification system of meniscal root tears characterizes meniscal root tears based on morphology. The system was originally conceived based on arthroscopy 1,2.  Usage It has to be emphasized that this is a primarily arthroscopic classification system, however, the same morphologi...
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Suture anchor

Suture anchors or bone anchors are surgical implants used for the attachment of soft tissues to bone e.g. ruptured tendons and ligaments. Suture anchors are usually composed of the anchor, a suture and the interface between anchor and suture called 'eyelet'. They come in different types or confi...
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Cortical button

Cortical buttons, suspensory cortical buttons or suture buttons are surgical implants used in conjunction with sutures for the repair of ligament and/or tendon injuries, including biceps tendon rupture, pectoralis major injury, acromioclavicular injuries, syndesmotic injuries and anterior crucia...
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Popliteomeniscal fascicles

The popliteomeniscal fascicles (PMF) are synovial ligamentous structures connecting the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus to the popliteus tendon thus stabilizing the lateral meniscus. They form the popliteal hiatus and include the following: anteroinferior popliteomeniscal fascicle poste...
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Anusitis

Anusitis is inflammation of the anal canal lining. Terminology Anusitis should not be confused with proctitis, which is distinguished as inflammation of rectal mucosa. Epidemiology Anusitis is associated with diet, in particular excess intake of coffee, cola, beer, citrus, spices, and/or hot...
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Peroneus tendon injury

Peroneus tendon injuries are a common and frequently underdiagnosed spectrum of disorders seen in patients with lateral ankle pain.  The following conditions can account as or are associated with peroneus tendon injuries 1-4:    peroneal tendinosis/tendinopathy peroneus brevis tendon tears p...
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Adalimumab-induced interstitial lung disease

Adalimumab-induced interstitial lung disease is a form of anti-TNF-induced diffuse interstitial lung disease from the broader category of drug-induced lung disease. The disease occurs as a response to the disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD), adalimumab. Pathology The exact mechanism ...
Article

Unclassified hepatic adenoma

Unclassified hepatic adenomas refer to the 5-10% of hepatocellular adenomas subtype that lack known genetic abnormalities 1,2. These adenomas cannot be further categorized genetically or histologically as inflammatory adenomas, HNF 1 alpha mutated adenomas or beta catenin mutated adenomas. The ...
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Caseous calcification of the mitral annulus

Caseous calcification, liquefactive necrosis or ‘toothpaste tumor’ of the mitral annulus refers to a calcified cardiac mass and a rare variant of mitral annular calcification that is often misdiagnosed as a cardiac abscess or cardiac tumor. Epidemiology Caseous mitral annular calcification is ...
Article

Valgus instability of the elbow

Valgus instability of the elbow can develop as a result of ulnar collateral ligament injury either in the setting of chronic overuse or in the context of an acute or an acute-on-chronic injury. Epidemiology Valgus instability can be seen in athletes and less commonly in non-athletes. Risk fac...
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Ligamentum teres injury

Ligamentum teres injuries or ligamentum capitis femoris injuries are a cause of hip pain and comprise complete, partial, degenerative tears as well as bony avulsions of the ligamentum teres of the hip. Epidemiology Ligamentum teres injuries are considered a more common cause of hip pain and ar...
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Discoligamentous injury

Discoligamentous injuries are severe spinal injuries in which the intervertebral disc and the intervertebral ligamentous structures are involved. They include cervical, thoracic or lumbar anterior tension band injuries as well as translational injuries. Terminology The term transdiscal fractur...
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Rigid spine

A rigid spine is a condition that is characterized by the ossification and/or fusion of spinal segments thus leading to a change in biomechanics. The shock absorption capabilities of normal intervertebral discs, as well as the elasticity of ligaments, is eliminated thus making the rigid spine mo...
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Backfill

Backfill refers to intra-articular high signal intensity on T1 weighted images seen in axial spondylarthritis within the sacroiliac joint filling up excavated bone erosions 1. It has been characterized as a complete loss of the cortical bone within the sacroiliac joint at the anticipated locatio...
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Synovial folds

Synovial folds or synovial plicae are remnant duplications of synovium formed during embryonic development. They are of particular interest and commonly described in the knee, elbow and hip joint but can be also found in other joints 1-4. Terminology The term ‘plica’ is commonly used if a syn...
Article

Beak sign (gallbladder)

The beak sign of gallbladder volvulus describes tapering of the distended gallbladder lumen as it transitions to a fulcrum point at the pedicle, resembling a curved beak.  Terminology The term bird's beak sign is used in a number of other contexts: see bird beak sign (disambiguation). 
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Cardiac wall motion abnormalities

Cardiac wall motion abnormalities describe kinetic alterations in the cardiac wall motion during the cardiac cycle and have an effect on cardiac function. Cardiac wall motion abnormalities can be categorized with respect to their degree and their distribution pattern that is whether they are glo...

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