Items tagged “cases”
5,515 results found
Article
Dumping syndrome
Dumping syndrome is a common complication following gastric, bariatric or esophageal surgeries.
There are two types of dumping syndrome:
early dumping syndrome
postprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (late dumping syndrome)
Epidemiology
Dumping syndrome occurs in approximately 12-40% of ...
Article
Flavoring-related lung disease
Flavoring-related lung disease is a potentially disabling and sometimes fatal lung disease of workers making or using flavourings. It is a form of inhalational lung disease and some also regard it as a form of pneumoconiosis.
Pathology
It is thought to be mostly triggered by volatile α-dicarbo...
Article
Postarthroscopic glenohumeral chondrolysis (PAGCL)
Postarthroscopic glenohumeral chondrolysis (PAGCL) is a rare complication of arthroscopic surgery in which there is rapid dissolution of articular cartilage with degenerative change of the glenohumeral articulation.
Epidemiology
PAGCL is more frequent in young people between 10 and 40 years, a...
Article
Infraorbital nerve block
Infraorbital nerve blocks can be used as part of the management of trigeminal neuralgia or the rarer isolated infraorbital neuralgia. Ultrasound guidance is useful to identify the infraorbital nerve directly as well as identify anatomical variations 1,2.
Indications
infraorbital neuralgia non-...
Article
CLCN2-related leukoencephalopathy
CLCN2-related leukoencephalopathy, also known as leukoencephalopathy with ataxia, is a rare leukodystrophy characterized by mild and slowly progressive ataxia and distinct abnormalities on MRI brain.
Epidemiology
The incidence and prevalence of CLCN2-related leukoencephalopathy is not known, b...
Article
Bright tree appearance (brain)
The bright tree appearance is a radiological pattern appreciated on MRI brain diffusion-weighted sequences in pediatric patients with severe encephalopathy syndromes. The appearance describes widespread restricted diffusion affecting the subcortical white matter, giving the appearance of multipl...
Article
Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion
Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD), also known as acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late restricted diffusion, is a rare, acute, often parainfectious, pediatric encephalopathy syndrome.
Epidemiology
Acute encephalopathy with biphasic sei...
Article
Systemic lupus erythematosus (renal manifestations)
Renal manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus include several conditions secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) effecting the kidneys. While lupus nephritis drives kidney damage in many patients other entities considered by some but not all separate, such as lupus podocytopathy, ...
Article
Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome
Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome (HSES) is a rare pediatric encephalopathy syndrome with a high mortality rate.
Epidemiology
Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome is considered rare, although the exact global incidence and prevalence is not known. The condition occurs in i...
Article
Medium vessel occlusion
Medium vessel occlusion (MeVO), also termed distal medium vessel occlusion (DMVO), describes occlusion of a medium-sized intracranial artery resulting in impending acute ischemic stroke.
Definition
One consensus definition of ‘medium vessel’ suggests intracranial arteries with a luminal diamet...
Article
Gallbladder lymphoma
Gallbladder lymphoma is exceedingly rare and presents diagnostic challenges due to its imaging characteristics often resembling those of gallbladder adenocarcinoma.
Epidemiology
Primary lymphomas of the gallbladder are extremely rare, accounting for approximately 0.1-0.2% of all malignant tumo...
Article
Bagel sign (Behçet disease)
The bagel sign is a radiological sign appreciated on MRI spine that is described in patients with neuro-Behçet disease-associated myelitis.
The sign describes the involvement of the spinal cord as seen on axial T2 sequences in patients with myelitis, whereby there is a round hyperintense lesion...
Article
Cascade sign (Behçet disease)
The cascade sign, also known as the waterfall sign, is a radiological sign appreciated on MRI brain that is described in patients with neuro-Behçet disease involving the mesodiencephalic junction.
The sign describes the involvement of the mesodiencephalic junction as seen on coronal T2/FLAIR se...
Article
Hypodense vessel sign
The hypodense vessel sign, or hypodense artery sign, is a radiological sign appreciated on non-contrast CT brain in acute ischemic stroke due to the rare entity of fat macroembolism causing large vessel occlusion. Notably, this is a distinct sign to the hyperdense vessel sign.
The sign describe...
Article
Prominent vessel sign
The prominent vessel sign, or prominent hypointense vessel sign, is a radiological sign appreciated on susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) that is described most commonly in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
The sign describes hypointense blooming artifact seen on SWI brain MRI within mult...
Article
Chronic myocarditis
Chronic myocarditis is a prolonged or ongoing myocardial inflammation in the setting of non-dilated or mildly dilated cardiomyopathy 1-5. There have been significant differences concerning the exact definition of the concept as well as the time interval after the onset of symptoms, with the latt...
Article
Adult polyglucosan body disease
Adult polyglucosan body disease (APBD) is a very rare adult-onset form of glycogen storage disease type IV with characteristic clinicoradiological features.
Epidemiology
Adult polyglucosan body disease is considered very rare 1,2, but the exact incidence is not known and it may often be misdia...
Article
Frontotemporal brain sagging syndrome
Frontotemporal brain sagging syndrome (FBSS) is an uncommon presentation of spontaneous intracranial hypotension where the dominant clinical features are neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms that can be mistaken for frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
Clinical presentation
Patients with frontote...
Article
Hypomyelination with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity
Hypomyelination with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity (HBSL) is a very rare inherited autosomal recessive leukodystrophy characterized mainly by progressive early-onset lower limb-predominant spasticity.
Epidemiology
HBSL is extremely rare, although the exact incidence ...
Article
Sheehan vessels
Sheehan vessels refer to vessels that arise from neovascularity that develops due to pulmonary hypertension, particularly, but not exclusively, in the context of Eisenmenger syndrome.
Pathology
The exact pathogenesis of Sheehan vessels has not been fully elucidated, but it is felt that neovasc...
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