Items tagged “definition”
93 results found
Article
Hematoma
Hematomas (alternative plural: hematomata) are the name given to localized collections of blood and they can form virtually anywhere in the body. They often form secondary to trauma or surgery but spontaneous formation is also not uncommon, especially in those with coagulation disorders or on an...
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Radiograph
A radiograph (or plain radiograph although the word 'plain' is strictly superfluous) is the radiologist's preferred term for the static image generated following the passage of x-rays through the patient. Non-imaging clinicians and the lay population generally use the term "x-ray" to refer to a ...
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Infraction
Infractions are incomplete fragmented fractures without displacement. The most well-known is Freiberg infraction.
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Porus acusticus externus
The porus acusticus externus (plural: pori acustici externi) refers to the lateral bony margins of the external acoustic canal.
It should not be confused with the porus acusticus internus which is the medial opening of the internal acoustic canal 1.
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Fistula
A fistula (plural: fistulae or fistulas) is an abnormal connection between two epithelial surfaces such as between hollow organs, skin or vessels. Conventionally, the name of a specific fistula type is a combination of the two organs. For discussions of specific fistulae please refer to individu...
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Stoma
A stoma (plural stomata) is defined as an artificially created connection between two hollow organs or a hollow organ and the skin. A surgical procedure that involves the creation of a stoma carries the suffix "-ostomy".
For a discussion of imaging features and potential complications, please r...
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Alexia
Alexia (or acquired dyslexia) is a neurological term refers to an acquired impairment of reading resulting from damage of critical brain areas.
Clinical presentation
Alexia can manifest itself as an impairment of oral reading and reading comprehension alike and can occur in combination with va...
Article
Acalculia
Acalculia (or acquired dyscalculia) represents the acquired loss of the ability to perform simple arithmetic tasks secondary to CNS pathology. It is not to be confused with developmental dyscalculia, which is a different entity and represents developmental disturbance of computational ability.
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Ataxia (clinical sign)
Ataxia denotes the impaired coordination of voluntary muscle function. It is not a specific disease, but a clinical sign that can have diverse etiologies. It is typically caused by either cerebellar damage or impaired vestibular or proprioceptive afferent sensory input to the cerebellum.
Clinic...
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Volume doubling time
The volume doubling time (VDT) is an important volumetric parameter primarily used in lung cancer screening and follow-up by chest CT. Volume doubling time is defined as the time required for a growing nodule to double its volume. A longer VDT suggests a more benign course, whilst a short VDT is...
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Outbreak
An outbreak is an epidemiological term used to describe the sudden occurrence of a disease or condition in patterns greater than those expected in a specific geographical area at a specific time. The term is not exclusively used for infectious diseases, e.g. in 1986, the Chernobyl nuclear reacto...
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Arthroplasty
Arthroplasty is a procedure that reconstructs or reforms the articular surface of a joint. There are numerous types of arthroplasty that range from complete replacement of all sides of the joint (total joint replacement) or one articular surface (hemiarthroplasty) with various combinations of me...
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Apoplexy
Apoplexy is a term that has been part of medical terminology since antiquity and now means a sudden and catastrophic clinical presentation restricted to a few intracranial events, namely pituitary apoplexy and the far less common pineal apoplexy. Importantly, it remains a term that denotes a cli...
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