Items tagged “emergency medicine”
153 results found
Article
NEXUS criteria
NEXUS (National Emergency X-Radiography Utilization Study) is a set of validated criteria used to decide which trauma patients do not require cervical spine imaging.
Trauma patients who do not require cervical spine imaging require all of the following:
alert and stable
no focal neurologic de...
Article
Canadian C-spine rules
Canadian C-spine rules are a set of guidelines that help a clinician decide if cervical spine imaging is not appropriate for a trauma patient in the emergency department. The patient must be alert and stable.
There are three rules:
is there any high-risk factor present that requires cervical s...
Article
Wellens syndrome
Wellens syndrome (also referred to as LAD coronary T-wave syndrome) refers to an ECG pattern specific for critical stenosis of the proximal left anterior descending (LAD artery +/- resultant myocardial infarction in this territory.
The anomalies described occur in patients with recent anginal...
Case
Traumatic carotid dissection
Published
28 Mar 2018
81% complete
CT
MRI
Case
Talar osteochondral defect
Published
25 Jun 2018
94% complete
X-ray
Annotated image
Article
Bedside lung ultrasound in emergency (approach)
Bedside lung ultrasound in emergency (BLUE) is a basic point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) examination performed for undifferentiated respiratory failure at the bedside, immediately after the physical examination, and before echocardiography.
The protocol is simple and dichotomous, and takes fewer...
Article
Raised intracranial pressure
Raised intracranial pressure is a pathological increase in the intracranial pressure and is a medical emergency.
Clinical presentation
The symptoms and signs of raised intracranial pressure are often non-specific and insidious in onset:
headache
drowsiness
anorexia
visual disturbances
bl...
Case
Massive cerebral arterial air embolism
Published
17 Jan 2019
95% complete
CT
Article
Manganese
Manganese (chemical symbol Mn) is one of the essential trace elements. It has an important biological role in the synthetic pathway for mucopolysaccharides, and it also is a cofactor for several enzymes.
Chemistry
Basic chemistry
Manganese has the atomic number 25 with an atomic weight of 54....
Article
60/60 sign (echocardiography)
The 60/60 sign in echocardiography refers to the coexistence of a truncated right ventricular outflow tract acceleration time (AT <60 ms) with a pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) of less than 60 mmHg (but more than 30 mmHg). In the presence of right ventricular failure, it is consisten...
Case
Central venous cannulation (ultrasound)
Published
29 Mar 2019
66% complete
Ultrasound
Article
Thiamine deficiency
Thiamine deficiency is caused by a low level of thiamine (vitamin B1) in the body, and when severe, a deficiency may manifest in adults as beriberi.
There are two main forms:
wet beriberi: high-output cardiac failure predominates
Shoshin beriberi 3: severe acute wet form with high mortality
d...
Article
Blunt cardiac injury
Blunt cardiac injury (BCI) is most commonly the result of sudden deceleration or direct precordial impact and encompasses a spectrum of structural and functional cardiac derangements that may occur after trauma to the heart 7.
Terminology
While sometimes referred to with general terms such as ...
Article
Left bundle branch block
A form of interventricular conduction defect most often diagnosed on the electrocardiogram, the presence of a left bundle branch block (LBBB) disrupts the normal sequence of ventricular depolarization.
Epidemiology
Aberrant conduction in the left bundle branch producing a conduction block is ...
Article
Orbital compartment syndrome
Orbital compartment syndrome is an ophthalmological emergency referring to an increased intraorbital pressure that may lead to permanent visual impairment if left untreated.
Clinical presentation
Findings on exam may include:
decreased visual acuity 6
globe palpably tense and resistant to ma...
Article
Central retinal vein occlusion
A leading cause of monocular vision loss, central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is most commonly caused by thrombosis of the central retinal vein, resulting in retinal edema and hemorrhage.
Terminology
Occlusion of the central retinal vein is subclassified as ischemic and non-ischemic based on...
Case
Endocarditis
Published
29 Apr 2020
83% complete
Ultrasound
X-ray
CT
Case
Subdiaphragmatic free gas
Published
28 Apr 2020
85% complete
X-ray
Case
Lisfranc injury
Published
26 Jun 2020
82% complete
Annotated image
Fluoroscopy
X-ray
Case
Pulmonary embolism
Published
31 Oct 2020
98% complete
Ultrasound
CT
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