Items tagged “emergencymedicine”
258 results found
Case
Isolated distal ulna fracture
Published
17 May 2013
91% complete
X-ray
Article
Carpometacarpal joint dislocation
Carpometacarpal (CMC) joint dislocations are uncommon dislocations of the hand.
Epidemiology
There is a strong younger male predominance. These injuries account for less than 1% of hand injuries 4 and are more common in the dominant hand.
Associated injuries
The following injuries should rai...
Case
5th carpometacarpal joint dislocation
Published
29 Jun 2016
82% complete
X-ray
Article
Psoas hematoma
Psoas hematomas are located in the retrofascial space, rather than in the retroperitoneum, because the psoas muscles are located in the iliopsoas compartment posterior to the transversalis fascia, which is the posterior boundary of the retroperitoneum.
Clinical presentation
Presentation is oft...
Article
Renal trauma
Renal trauma can result from direct, blunt, penetrating, and iatrogenic injury.
Epidemiology
Renal injuries account for ~10% of abdominal trauma, and thus the demographic of affected individuals reflect that population. The incidence of renal injuries increases in pre-existing congenital or ac...
Article
Retroperitoneal hemorrhage
Retroperitoneal hemorrhage can be a source of significant yet occult blood loss.
Terminology
Some articles conflate and/or confuse retroperitoneal hemorrhage and Wunderlich syndrome 5. However Wunderlich syndrome refers primarily to bleeding around the kidney, not the retroperitoneum in genera...
Article
Abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture is a feared complication of abdominal aortic aneurysm and is a surgical emergency. It is part of the acute aortic syndrome spectrum.
Epidemiology
Abdominal aortic aneurysms are common and affect ~7.5% of patients aged over 65 years 6.
The risk of ruptur...
Article
Esophageal perforation
Esophageal perforation is a rare but serious medical emergency with a very high mortality rate, especially if the diagnosis is delayed.
Epidemiology
Most patients are in their sixties with a slight male predominance 5.
Clinical presentation
Esophageal rupture is iatrogenic from instrumentat...
Case
Acute appendicitis
Published
05 Dec 2013
88% complete
Ultrasound
Article
Dental abscess
Dental (periapical) abscesses are an acute infection of the periapical tissue around the root of the tooth.
Clinical presentation
Patients may present with pain, edema, and purulent discharge localized to the site of pathology with or without fever and tender cervical lymphadenopathy 1.
Patho...
Article
Trauma in pregnancy
Trauma is a leading cause of mortality in pregnancy. Pregnancy increases the incidence and severity of abdominal trauma in females.
Epidemiology
Trauma affects up to 7% of pregnancies, and the incidence of pregnancy in level 1 trauma patients is estimated to be ~2% 1.
Pathology
Etiology
9...
Case
Esophageal laceration from penetrating trauma
Published
12 Dec 2013
92% complete
Fluoroscopy
CT
Article
Liver trauma
The liver is one of the most frequently damaged organs in blunt trauma, and liver trauma is associated with a significant mortality rate.
Epidemiology
In blunt abdominal trauma, the liver is injured ~5% (range 1-10%) of the time 1,3.
Clinical presentation
Patients can present with right uppe...
Case
Traumatic bowel injury
Published
13 Dec 2013
71% complete
CT
Case
Renal and colon trauma from gunshot
Published
13 Dec 2013
95% complete
CT
Case
Thoracic and abdominopelvic multitrauma
Published
13 Dec 2013
98% complete
X-ray
CT
Article
Splenic trauma
Splenic trauma can occur after blunt or penetrating trauma or secondary to medical intervention (i.e. iatrogenic). The spleen is the most frequently injured internal organ after blunt trauma.
Epidemiology
In blunt trauma, the spleen can account for up to 49% of abdominal organ injuries 2.
Cli...
Article
Bowel and mesenteric trauma
Bowel and mesenteric trauma can result from blunt force, penetrating and iatrogenic trauma. CT is the gold standard imaging modality but CT findings are nonspecific 12.
Epidemiology
The bowel and mesentery are injured in ~2.5% (range 0.3-5%) of blunt force abdominal trauma 1,3,5,8. However not...
Article
Isolated free fluid in trauma
Isolated free fluid in trauma may or may not represent a significant injury, and this creates a diagnostic dilemma in determining appropriate treatment for these patients.
Epidemiology
The presence of isolated free fluid in trauma occurs in 3-5% of blunt trauma patients 1-4.
Pathology
The c...
Article
Body packing
Body packing refers to the internal concealment of drugs within the gastrointestinal tract or other orifices. People who do this may be called body packers, (drug) mules, stuffers, couriers or swallowers. Drugs may be concealed within condoms, foil, latex or cellophane.
Epidemiology
There is ...
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