Items tagged “eye”

103 results found
Case

Medial orbital blow-out fracture

  Diagnosis certain
Ian Bickle
Published 12 Dec 2015
89% complete
CT
Article

Choroidal detachment

Choroidal detachment is a detachment of the choroid from the underlying sclera due to the accumulation of fluid in the suprachoroidal space generally due to increased intraocular pressure (IOP), as observed in some settings: choroidal effusion transudative: trauma exudative: fluid accumulatin...
Article

Norrie disease

Norrie disease is a rare X-linked inherited cause of congenital bilateral blindness. It can present with a retinal mass (pseudoglioma) and cataracts. It is associated with developmental delay and hearing loss. 
Article

Subconjunctival fat prolapse

Subconjunctival fat prolapse is an acquired herniation of intraconal fat due to the weakening of the Tenon capsule by normal aging, surgery, or trauma. It presents clinically with a fat-containing epibulbar mass in the lateral canthal area. Epidemiology  Subconjunctival fat prolapse occurs mai...
Case

Choroidal nevus

  Diagnosis almost certain
Wen Jak Ma
Published 27 May 2016
72% complete
Ultrasound
Case

Orbital plexiform neurofibromata

  Diagnosis almost certain
Henry Knipe
Published 30 Aug 2016
77% complete
MRI
Article

Subperiosteal abscess of the orbit

Subperiosteal abscess of the orbit occurs as a complication of acute sinusitis. Clinical presentation Patients can present with pain, visual disturbance, proptosis and/or chemosis. Pathology Bacteria can extend via neurovascular foramina or bony dehiscences. More commonly occurs from ethmoid...
Article

Extraconal orbital compartment

The extraconal orbital compartment or extraconal space is the space within the orbit outside the musculofascial cone. The base of which is anterior and is formed by the orbital septum that surrounds the equator of the globe. The external sides are formed by the bones of the orbit and their perio...
Case

Myositic orbital pseudotumor

  Diagnosis certain
Varun Babu
Published 27 Nov 2017
82% complete
MRI CT
Article

Fornix (eye)

The fornix conjunctiva is loose soft tissue lying at the junction between the palpebral conjunctiva (covering the inner surface of the eyelid) and the bulbar conjunctiva (covering the globe). Each eye has two fornices, the superior and inferior fornices. The fornix permits freedom of movement of...
Article

Brown syndrome (orbit)

Brown syndrome refers to a failure of upward gaze while the eye is adducted secondary to an abnormality of the superior oblique tendon sheath complex. Pathology This abnormality is a little counter-intuitive and highlights how the action of the superior oblique is position-dependent and that e...
Article

Senile calcific scleral plaques

Senile calcific scleral plaques, also known as senile scleral plaques, are benign degenerations of the ocular sclerae, common in elderly individuals. They are a common incidental finding on CT. Epidemiology The prevalence of senile scleral plaques increases with age, from ~2.5% at age 60, to 2...
Article

Trochlear nerve palsy

Trochlear nerve palsies, or fourth nerve palsies, result in weakness of the superior oblique muscle. Clinical presentation Vertical diplopia and ipsilateral hypertropia in the absence of ptosis, combined with a head tilt away from the affected side, are strongly suggestive of trochlear nerve p...
Article

Conjunctiva

The conjunctiva (plural: conjunctivas or conjunctivae) is a transparent membrane is attached at the margins of the cornea. It is loosely attached to the sclera and thence reflected over the inner surface of the eyelids. It is firmly attached to the tarsal plates and blends with the skin at the m...
Article

Tarsal plate

The tarsal plates of the eye are formed by dense fibrous tissue representing thickened extensions of the orbital septum, molded to the curvature of the eyeball. Each eye has a superior tarsal plate and an inferior tarsal plate, located in their respective eyelid.  The plates anchor the roots of...
Article

Eyelid

The eyelids cover the eyes, with an upper and lower eyelid on each side, and are covered in front with loose skin and behind with adherent conjunctiva. The lower lids possess very little mobility; the upper eyelid is elevated by levator palpebrae superioris muscle fibers and the lids are closed ...
Article

Ptosis

Ptosis (or blepharoptosis) is a drooping or falling of the upper eyelid. Complete ptosis is due to complete oculomotor nerve palsy. Partial ptosis is due to a dysfunction of the sympathetic pathway leading to paralysis of Muller muscle.  Note that facial nerve paralysis prevents screwing of the...
Article

Choroidal hemangioma

Choroidal hemangiomas are benign vascular hamartomatous tumors of the choroid. They present in two forms based on the extent of choroidal involvement: circumscribed choroidal hemangioma (CCH): solitary tumor with no systemic associations. diffuse choroidal hemangioma (DCH): usually in associat...
Article

Intraocular lens implant

Intraocular lens implants (IOLs) are used to replace the extracted lens as part of the standard surgical treatment for cataracts. The presence of a lens implant is known as pseudophakia (literally, "artificial lens"). Structure Knowledge of the structure of an intraocular lens implant is requi...
Article

Retina

The retina (plural: retinas/retinae) forms part of the optic pathway. It is a thin lining on the inner surface of the globe and converts visible light into a neural signal.  Arterial supply The blood supply of the retina is from two sources, supplying different portions of the organ. The integ...

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