Items tagged “hernia”
13 results found
Article
Bochdalek hernia
Bochdalek hernias , also known as pleuroperitoneal hernias, (alternative plural: herniae) are the commonest type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. They occur posteriorly and are due to a defect in the posterior attachment of the diaphragm when there is a failure of pleuroperitoneal membrane cl...
Article
Morgagni hernia
Morgagni hernias (alternative plural: herniae) are one of the congenital diaphragmatic hernias (CDHs) and are characterized by herniation through the foramen of Morgagni. When compared to Bochdalek hernias, Morgagni hernias tend to be:
anterior
more often right-sided (~90%)
small
rare (~2% o...
Article
Spigelian hernia
Spigelian hernias (alternative plural: herniae), also known as lateral ventral hernias, are a type of abdominal hernia along the semilunar line, resulting in herniation between the muscles of the abdominal wall.
Epidemiology
They are rare and account for ~1% (range 0.1-2%) of ventral hernias 2...
Article
Obturator hernia
Obturator hernias (alternative plural: herniae) are characterized by bowel herniating between the obturator and the pectineus muscles. They are a rare type of abdominal hernia and can be a challenge to diagnose clinically.
Epidemiology
Typically obturator hernias occur in older women 2,3 or pa...
Article
Lumbar hernia
Lumbar hernias (alternative plural: herniae) are a rare form of posterior abdominal hernia.
Epidemiology
Most common in patients aged between 50 and 70 years with a male predominance 1.
Clinical presentation
Patients with lumbar hernias can present with a variety of symptoms, including a p...
Article
Parastomal hernia
Parastomal hernias (alternative plural: herniae) are defined as the protrusion of abdominal contents through an abdominal wall defect in the vicinity of the stoma.
Classification
The hernia may contain a loop of bowel forming the stoma itself, omentum, and/or intestinal loops other than that f...
Article
Femoral hernia
Femoral hernias (alternative plural: herniae) are a type of groin herniation and comprise a protrusion of a peritoneal sac through the femoral ring into the femoral canal, posterior and inferior to the inguinal ligament. The sac may contain preperitoneal fat, omentum, small bowel, or other struc...
Article
Inferior lumbar triangle
The inferior lumbar triangle, also known as the Petit triangle, is an anatomical space through which inferior lumbar hernias can occur. It is not to be confused with the adjacent superior lumbar triangle (of Grynfeltt-Lesshaft).
Gross anatomy
Boundaries
inferiorly: iliac crest
anteriorly: ex...
Article
Maydl hernia
Maydl hernias (alternative plural: herniae) are defined as the presence of two small bowel loops within a single hernial sac, that is, there are two efferent and two afferent loops of bowel, forming a "W" shape. Hence sometimes known as a W hernia or a hernia-in-W.
This type of hernia is more p...
Article
Umbilical hernia
Umbilical hernias (alternative plural: herniae) are the most common ventral abdominal wall hernia and occur in the midline through the umbilicus.
Epidemiology
Ten times more common in females 2 and represent ~5% of all abdominal hernias 4.
Clinical presentation
Umbilical hernias may present ...
Article
Paraduodenal hernia
Paraduodenal hernias are internal hernias due to failure of the descending or ascending colonic mesentery to fuse with the posterior parietal peritoneum. Left paraduodenal hernia is more common and can cause closed-loop bowel obstruction and infarction.
Clinical presentation
The patient may ha...
Article
Falciform ligament hernia
Falciform ligament hernias (alternative plural: herniae) are a very rare type of internal hernia occurring through a defect in the falciform ligament.
Epidemiology
Exceedingly rare, thought to comprise just 0.2% of all internal hernias 4.
Associations
laparoscopic surgery 2
Clinical present...
Article
Ureterosciatic hernia
Ureterosciatic hernias are a very rare form of pelvic sciatic hernia and occurs when the ureter passes through the greater or lesser sciatic foramen 1.
Epidemiology
Ureterosciatic hernias most commonly occur in women aged 40 to 60 years 4.
Clinical presentation
Symptoms vary based on involve...