Items tagged “mediastinum”

7 results found
Article

Anterior mediastinal mass

Anterior mediastinal masses can be caused by neoplastic and non-neoplastic pathology. These masses arise in the anterior mediastinum, that portion of the mediastinum anterior to the pericardium and below the level of the clavicles.  Epidemiology The prevalence of anterior mediastinal masses on...
Article

Garland triad

Garland triad, also known as the 1-2-3 sign or pawnbroker's sign, is a lymph node enlargement pattern on chest radiographs which has been described in sarcoidosis: right paratracheal nodes right hilar nodes left hilar nodes Hilar lymphadenopathy is symmetrical and usually massive...
Article

Thoracic aortic dilatation (differential)

There is a broad differential for thoracic aortic dilatation. Differential diagnosis senile ectasia hypertension post-stenotic dilatation, e.g. bicuspid aortic valve thoracic aortic aneurysm atherosclerosis (usually descending thoracic aorta) collagen disorders Marfa...
Article

Panda sign (sarcoidosis)

The panda sign of sarcoidosis is a gallium-67 citrate scan finding. It is due to bilateral involvement of parotid and lacrimal glands in sarcoidosis, superimposed on the normal uptake in the nasopharyngeal mucosa. The presence of perihilar adenopathy adds the lambda distribution of increased up...
Article

Localized mediastinal malignant mesothelioma

A localized (solitary) mediastinal malignant mesothelioma is a rare variant of malignant pleural mesothelioma and is thought to arise from mesothelial cells of the pericardium. There are too few report cases to be dogmatic in regards to epidemiological or radiographic features. Differential di...
Article

Mediastinal teratoma

Mediastinal teratomas are germ cell tumors located in the anterior mediastinum, representing the most common extra-gonadal germ cell tumors. Epidemiology They account for approximately 15% of anterior mediastinal masses in adults and approximately 25% of anterior mediastinal masses in children...
Article

Anterior mediastinal germ cell tumors

Germ cell tumors are one of the causes of an anterior mediastinal mass, and any of the germ cell histologies may be identified. They can therefore be divided histologically into: mediastinal seminoma non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) embryonal carcinoma choriocarcinoma yolk sac tumo...

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