Items tagged “mediastinum”
7 results found
Article
Anterior mediastinal mass
Anterior mediastinal masses can be caused by neoplastic and non-neoplastic pathology. These masses arise in the anterior mediastinum, that portion of the mediastinum anterior to the pericardium and below the level of the clavicles.
Epidemiology
The prevalence of anterior mediastinal masses on...
Article
Garland triad
Garland triad, also known as the 1-2-3 sign or pawnbroker's sign, is a lymph node enlargement pattern on chest radiographs which has been described in sarcoidosis:
right paratracheal nodes
right hilar nodes
left hilar nodes
Hilar lymphadenopathy is symmetrical and usually massive...
Article
Thoracic aortic dilatation (differential)
There is a broad differential for thoracic aortic dilatation.
Differential diagnosis
senile ectasia
hypertension
post-stenotic dilatation, e.g. bicuspid aortic valve
thoracic aortic aneurysm
atherosclerosis (usually descending thoracic aorta)
collagen disorders
Marfa...
Article
Panda sign (sarcoidosis)
The panda sign of sarcoidosis is a gallium-67 citrate scan finding. It is due to bilateral involvement of parotid and lacrimal glands in sarcoidosis, superimposed on the normal uptake in the nasopharyngeal mucosa.
The presence of perihilar adenopathy adds the lambda distribution of increased up...
Article
Localized mediastinal malignant mesothelioma
A localized (solitary) mediastinal malignant mesothelioma is a rare variant of malignant pleural mesothelioma and is thought to arise from mesothelial cells of the pericardium.
There are too few report cases to be dogmatic in regards to epidemiological or radiographic features.
Differential di...
Article
Mediastinal teratoma
Mediastinal teratomas are germ cell tumors located in the anterior mediastinum, representing the most common extra-gonadal germ cell tumors.
Epidemiology
They account for approximately 15% of anterior mediastinal masses in adults and approximately 25% of anterior mediastinal masses in children...
Article
Anterior mediastinal germ cell tumors
Germ cell tumors are one of the causes of an anterior mediastinal mass, and any of the germ cell histologies may be identified. They can therefore be divided histologically into:
mediastinal seminoma
non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT)
embryonal carcinoma
choriocarcinoma
yolk sac tumo...