Items tagged “pelvis”
59 results found
Article
Aggressive angiomyxoma
Aggressive angiomyxomas are rare tumors that arise in the pelvis and typically cross the levator ani muscles. Despite its name, it is essentially a benign tumor and the term "aggressive" is due to a predilection for local recurrence. Only rarely does it metastasize.
Epidemiology
It is seen pre...
Article
Fallopian tube
The fallopian tube (TA: tuba uterina 8), also known as the uterine tube or, less commonly, the oviduct, is a paired hollow tube that bridges the ovary and uterus and functions to convey the mature ovum from the former to the latter. If conception occurs, it usually does so within the tube, which...
Article
Osteitis pubis
Osteitis pubis is characterized by non-infectious inflammation of the pubic symphysis.
Clinical presentation
The presentation is typical with varying degrees of pelvic and/or perineal pain, reproduced on hip adduction.
Pathology
Although the etiology is sometimes unknown, the most common c...
Article
Shenton line
Shenton line is an imaginary curved line drawn along the inferior border of the superior pubic ramus (superior border of the obturator foramen) and along the inferomedial border of the neck of femur. This line should be continuous and smooth1.
Interruption of the Shenton line can indicate (in...
Article
Ovary
The ovaries (TA: ovarium 9) are paired female gonads of the reproductive and endocrine systems. They lie within the ovarian fossa on the posterior wall of the true pelvis and form part of the adnexa.
Gross anatomy
The ovaries are firm and ovoid in shape and measure approximately 1.5-3.0 cm × ...
Article
Cervix
The cervix or uterine cervix is the lower constricted segment of the uterus providing the passage between the uterus proper and the vagina.
Gross anatomy
The cervix is somewhat conical in shape, with its truncated apex directed posteriorly and inferiorly. The inferior aspect of the cervix pro...
Article
Uterus
The uterus is an extraperitoneal hollow, thick-walled, muscular organ of the female reproductive tract that lies in the lesser pelvis.
Gross anatomy
The uterus has an inverted pear shape. It measures about 7.5 cm in length, 5 cm wide at its upper part, and nearly 2.5 cm in thickness in adults....
Article
Vagina
The vagina is a midline fibromuscular tubular organ positioned in the female perineum extending superiorly from the vulva, to the cervix and uterus in the pelvis.
Gross anatomy
The vagina is 6-8 cm in length, extending posterosuperior from the vestibule through the urogenital diaphragm to the...
Article
Piriformis muscle
The piriformis muscle is a muscle of the posterior pelvic wall and gluteal region of the lower limb. It is an important anatomical landmark.
Summary
origin: anterolateral surface of the sacrum
course: exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen
insertion: greater trochanter of the ...
Article
Sciatic nerve
The sciatic nerve arises from the sacral plexus from the roots of L4-S3 and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb. It is the longest and widest single nerve in the body.
Summary
origin: sacral plexus (L4-S3)
course: exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen to enter the ...
Article
Pelvis
The term pelvis (plural: pelvises or pelves) can refer to either the bony pelvis or the pelvic cavity.
Bony pelvis
The bony pelvis is formed by the sacrum and coccyx and a pair of hip bones ("ossa coxae"), which are part of the appendicular skeleton. Its primary function is the transmission of...
Article
Uterine artery
The uterine artery is seen bilaterally and is a branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery.
Gross anatomy
Course
It runs medially in the pelvis, within the base of the broad ligament, to the outer surface of the uterus. From lateral to medial it has a descending, transverse ...
Article
Pelvic peritoneal space
The pelvic peritoneal space is the inferior reflection of the peritoneum over the fundus of the urinary bladder and the front of the rectum at the junction of its middle and lower thirds. In females, the reflection is also over the anterior and posterior surface of the uterus and the upper poste...
Article
Müllerian duct anomalies
Müllerian duct anomalies (MDAs) are congenital abnormalities that occur when the Müllerian ducts (paramesonephric ducts) do not develop correctly. This may be as a result of complete agenesis, defective vertical or lateral fusion, or resorption failure.
Epidemiology
MDAs are estimated to occur...
Article
Tombstone iliac wings
Tombstone iliac wings, also referred to as Mickey Mouse ears pelvis, is an imaging descriptor for the iliac wings of individuals with achondroplasia 1. These are seen to be small and squared and have been likened to the appearance of tombstones or the ears of Mickey Mouse.
Article
Urinary bladder hernia
Herniation of the urinary bladder is a relatively uncommon but not a rare condition. It occurs when the urinary bladder or ureter herniates into the inguinal canal, scrotal sac or femoral canal. Herniations through ischiorectal, obturator, or abdominal wall openings have also been described. Bla...
Article
Peritoneal inclusion cyst
Peritoneal inclusion cysts, also known as peritoneal pseudocysts, are a type of cyst-like structure that appears in relation to the peritoneal surfaces and results from a non-neoplastic reactive mesothelial proliferation.
Terminology
The nomenclature for this condition can be confusing due to ...
Article
Presacral space
The presacral space is located between the rectum and the sacrococcygeal part of the spine.
Gross anatomy
Contents
The presacral space contains a variety of tissue:
fat
mesenchymal tissue
lymph nodes
nerve plexuses
blood vessels
Boundaries
superior - peritoneal reflections
inferior - ...
Article
Parturition-induced pelvic instability
Parturition-induced pelvic instability is a rare condition seen in women following vaginal delivery.
Epidemiology
The incidence of symphyseal rupture after vaginal delivery ranges from one in 600 to one in 30,000 deliveries 1.
Predisposing factors include multiparity, complicated delivery, ...
Article
Common iliac artery
The common iliac arteries (CIA) are the large paired terminal branches of the abdominal aorta.
Gross anatomy
Origin
The abdominal aorta bifurcates anterolateral (to the left side) of the L4 vertebra into the right and left common iliac arteries.
Course
The common iliac arteries (CIAs) ente...
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