Items tagged “pleura”

44 results found
Article

Pleural effusion

Pleural effusions are abnormal accumulations of fluid within the pleural space. They may result from a variety of pathological processes which overwhelm the pleura's ability to reabsorb fluid. Terminology "Pleural effusion" is commonly used as a catch-all term to describe any abnormal accumula...
Article

Pleural empyema

Pleural empyema refers to a collection of pus in the pleural cavity which may contain gas locules. Empyema is usually unilateral and most often occurs as a complication of pneumonia or perforated esophagus. The thickened pleura demonstrates contrast enhancement and the visceral and parietal comp...
Case

Thymoma - invasive

  Diagnosis almost certain
Hani Makky Al Salam
Published 04 Jan 2010
70% complete
X-ray CT
Case

Pleural metastases - thyroid cancer

  Diagnosis almost certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 11 Jan 2010
59% complete
CT X-ray
Case

Mesothelioma

  Diagnosis almost certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 15 Jan 2010
70% complete
X-ray CT
Case

Calcified pleural plaques

  Diagnosis certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 09 Feb 2010
62% complete
X-ray CT
Case

Mesothelioma

  Diagnosis almost certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 10 Feb 2010
59% complete
CT
Case

Empyema

  Diagnosis certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 11 Feb 2010
62% complete
Annotated image Photo CT
Article

Clagett thoracotomy

A Clagett thoracotomy is a three stage procedure performed for treatment severe empyema and involves the resection of a posterolateral lower rib and the formation of an open window in the lateral aspect of the chest to allow continuous drainage and irrigation of the cavity with antibiotic soluti...
Article

Empyema vs pulmonary abscess

Distinguishing between an empyema and a peripherally located pulmonary abscess is essential. A pulmonary abscess is usually managed with prolonged antibiotics and physiotherapy with postural drainage, whereas an empyema usually requires percutaneous or surgical drainage. Radiographic features ...
Article

Split pleura sign (empyema)

The split pleura sign is seen with pleural empyemas and is considered the most reliable CT sign helping to distinguish an empyema from a peripheral pulmonary abscess (see empyema vs pulmonary abscess) 1,2.  The sign results from fibrin coating both the parietal and visceral surfaces of the pleu...
Case

Pseudotumor and congestive cardiac failure

  Diagnosis certain
Natalie Yang
Published 16 Feb 2010
74% complete
CT
Article

Large unilateral pleural effusion

When a pleural effusion is large and unilateral, concern for an underlying abnormality should be raised. Causes include: tumor bronchogenic carcinoma mesothelioma pleural metastases lymphoma pleural lymphoma primary effusion lymphoma infection parapneumonic effusion empyema extension ...
Case

Mesothelioma (gross pathology)

  Diagnosis certain
Yale Rosen
Published 23 Feb 2010
63% complete
Pathology
Case

Mesothelioma - sarcomatoid

  Diagnosis certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 23 Feb 2010
80% complete
CT X-ray
Article

Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma, also known as malignant mesothelioma, is an aggressive malignant tumor of the mesothelium. Most tumors arise from the pleura, and so this article will focus on pleural mesothelioma. Given the presence of the mesothelium in different parts of the body, mesothelioma can arise in var...
Article

Localized mediastinal malignant mesothelioma

A localized (solitary) mediastinal malignant mesothelioma is a rare variant of malignant pleural mesothelioma and is thought to arise from mesothelial cells of the pericardium. There are too few report cases to be dogmatic in regards to epidemiological or radiographic features. Differential di...
Article

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (TNM staging)

Below is the eighth edition of the TNM staging system for malignant pleural mesothelioma, which was published in 2018 1. T - Tumor Tx: primary tumor cannot be assessed T0: no evidence of primary tumor T1 involving ipsilateral parietal pleura (inc. mediastinal and diaphragmatic pleura) +/- v...
Article

Malignant pleural disease

Malignant pleural disease usually heralds a poor prognosis, whether it represents a primary pleural malignancy or metastatic involvement.  Clinical presentation Clinical presentation is variable. Patients may be asymptomatic or have pleuritic pain. If associated with a sizable pleural effusion...
Article

Pleural plaque

Pleural plaques are the most common manifestation of asbestos-related disease and can be identified with a very high degree of specificity with CT. Epidemiology Pleural plaques are strongly associated with inhalational exposure to asbestos. There is an extremely long latency (typically 20 to 3...

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