Items tagged “prostate”
33 results found
Article
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), also known as benign prostatic enlargement (BPE), is an extremely common condition in elderly men and is a major cause of bladder outflow obstruction.
Terminology
The term benign prostatic hypertrophy was formerly used for this condition, but since there is...
Article
Prostate cancer (staging)
Prostate cancer staging takes into account a TNM staging system (primary site, nodal and distant metastases), pretreatment PSA and histological grading. The Gleason score is used to determine the Grade Group.
A superseded staging system is the Whitmore-Jewett staging system.
Additionally, the...
Article
Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer ranks as the most common primary malignant tumor in men and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Prostatic adenocarcinoma is by far the most common histological type and is the primary focus of this article.
Epidemiology
It is primarily a disease of the...
Article
Primary prostatic malignant melanoma
Primary melanoma of the prostate is rare, and usually cannot be diagnosed on imaging alone. In many cases, it is believed that in fact, the tumor represents prostatic involvement by melanoma of the urethra.
Epidemiology
Primary malignant melanoma of the prostate represents both a tiny fraction...
Article
Tumors of the male urethra
Tumors of the male urethra are uncommon. They can be categorized both on the grounds of histology and location.
Histology
squamous cell carcinoma of the urethra: 80%
urothelial/transitional cell carcinoma of the urethra: 15% (predominantly posterior urethra)
adenocarcinoma of the urethra: 5%...
Article
Primary urethral malignant melanoma
Melanoma of the urethra is a very rare tumor of the male urethra and often presents as an invasive prostatic mass. As such it is usually referred to as primary prostatic malignant melanoma.
Article
Prostate sarcoma
Prostate sarcomas are an uncommon and heterogeneous group of tumors arising from mesenchymal cells in and around the prostate (as opposed to the more common prostate adenocarcinoma which derives from the glandular tissue).
Pathology
In children, the most common tumor type is a prostatic rhabd...
Article
Prostatic calcification
Prostatic calcifications are a common finding in the prostate gland, especially after the age of 50. They may be solitary but usually occur in clusters 7.
Epidemiology
They are rare in children, infrequent below age 40, and common in those over 50. Their number and size increase with age 8. Re...
Article
Prostatic artery embolization
Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is a minimally invasive procedure utilized to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Indications
PAE has been used for controlling prostatic hemorrhage (such as that associated prostate cancer) since 1970. However, its use in the treatment of lower urina...
Article
Ejaculatory duct cyst
Ejaculatory duct cysts are a rare type of cyst of the prostate gland.
Pathology
They occur due to obstruction of the ejaculatory duct which in turn can either be congenital or secondary (e.g. inflammation).
They are usually intraprostatic when small but may extend cephalad when large.
Radiog...
Article
Hematuria (adult)
Hematuria occurs when blood enters the urinary collecting system and is excreted in the urine. There are many etiologies for hematuria, and they range from benign and transient to gravely concerning. Hematuria can derive from the kidneys, ureters, bladder, prostate (in men), or urethra. Imaging ...
Article
Transurethral resection of the prostate
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a traditional therapy for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and prostatism from benign prostatic hyperplasia. Transurethral resection of the prostate results in characteristic imaging features.
Indications
acute urinary retention
recurrent u...
Article
Prostate specific antigen
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is currently used as a tumor marker for prostate adenocarcinoma.
PSA is a 33 kilodalton glycoprotein produced in prostate epithelial cells. Its normal physiologic role is as a liquefying agent for seminal fluid; only a tiny amount leaks into the blood, therefore ...
Article
Chronic prostatitis
Chronic prostatitis is a heterogeneous condition characterized by chronic inflammation of the prostate gland.
Under the National Institutes of Health (NIH) classification system this may encompass
chronic bacterial prostatitis
chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS)
Other...
Article
Prostatic tuberculosis
Prostatic tuberculosis or tuberculous prostatitis is an uncommon extrapulmonary manifestation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. This is sometimes classified a sub type of granulomatous prostatitis.
Epidemiology
Primary tuberculosis of the prostate is rare. Genitourinary tuberculosis con...
Article
PSA density
The PSA density (PSAD) is a calculation performed at diagnosis and is the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level (ng/mL) divided by the volume of the prostate gland (mL), resulting in a value with the units, ng/mL2 1. Prostate volume is calculated from TRUS measurements 2,3.
Alternatively...
Article
Brachytherapy seed migration to the lung
Brachytherapy seed migration to the lung is a known complication of radioactive seed therapy. These seeds are used for localized treatment of malignancies, most commonly prostate cancer.
Regarding staging, nearly 79% of the cases are localized, 12% are regional and 5% present with distant disea...
Article
Leiomyosarcoma of the prostate
Leiomyosarcoma of the prostate is a rare mesenchymal smooth muscle malignancy of the prostate gland.
Epidemiology
It is a rare tumor with less than 200 cases reported in the literature accounting for approximately 25% of all sarcomas of the prostate gland and less than 0.1% of primary prostate...
Article
Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the prostate
Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the prostate is a rare malignant prostatic tumor variant usually composed of both malignant glandular cells and spindle cells.
Terminology
Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the prostate is also known as carcinosarcoma, metaplastic carcinoma or spindle cell carcinoma of the pros...
Article
Prostate imaging recurrence reporting
Prostate imaging recurrence reporting (PI-RR) or prostate MRI for local recurrence reporting is a structured reporting scheme similar to the Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) v2.1 on multiparametric prostate MRI for the detection of local recurrence after radical prostatectomy ...
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