Items tagged “rg_38_5_edit”

14 results found
Article

Anterior inferior iliac spine avulsion injury

Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) avulsion injuries are one of the six main types of pelvic apophyseal avulsion fractures. Subacute or chronic avulsion injuries can be mistaken for a pseudotumor.  Epidemiology As with many pelvic avulsion injuries, they most often occur in adolescents (most...
Article

Mesenteric ischemia

Mesenteric ischemia, also commonly referred to as bowel or intestinal ischemia, refers to vascular compromise of the bowel and its mesentery that in the acute setting has a very high mortality if not treated expediently. Mesenteric ischemia is far more commonly acute than chronic in etiology. Th...
Article

Osteochondral defect

Osteochondral defects (OCD) or lesions (OCL) are focal areas of articular cartilage damage and injury of the adjacent subchondral bone plate and subchondral cancellous bone.  Terminology Osteochondral defect is a broad term that describes the morphological changes associated to a localized gap...
Article

Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the knee

Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the knee (SIF/SIFK) are stress fractures in the femoral condyles or tibial plateau that occur in the absence of acute trauma, typically affecting older adults. Terminology The entity subsumes that previously known as spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (...
Article

Crohn disease

Crohn disease, also known as regional enteritis, is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by widespread discontinuous gastrointestinal tract inflammation. The terminal ileum and proximal colon are most often affected. Extraintestinal disease is common. Epidemiology The diagnos...
Article

Arterial occlusive mesenteric ischemia

Arterial occlusive mesenteric ischemia can be a life-threatening event related to obstruction of the mesenteric arteries, most commonly the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), supplying the small bowel and colon. It is the most common cause of mesenteric ischemia.  Epidemiology  An acute occlusi...
Article

CT hypoperfusion complex

CT hypoperfusion complex refers to the predominantly abdominal imaging features that occur in the context of profound hypotension. Multiple abdominal organs can display atypical appearances not related to the initial trauma but reflect alterations in perfusion secondary to hypovolemia which affe...
Article

Adenomyosis

Adenomyosis (or uterine adenomyosis) is a common uterine condition of ectopic endometrial tissue in the myometrium, sometimes considered a spectrum of endometriosis. Although most commonly asymptomatic, it may present with menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea. Pelvic imaging (i.e. ultrasound, MRI) may ...
Article

Uterine leiomyoma

Uterine leiomyomas, also known as uterine fibroids, are benign tumors of myometrial origin and are the most common solid benign uterine neoplasms. Commonly an incidental finding on imaging, they rarely cause a diagnostic dilemma. Epidemiology They are clinically apparent in ~25% of women of re...
Article

Veno-occlusive mesenteric ischemia

Veno-occlusive mesenteric ischemia is most often the result of superior mesenteric vein (SMV) thrombosis and is a less common cause of acute mesenteric ischemia. Despite thrombosis of the SMV, small bowel necrosis often does not occur, presumably due to persistent arterial supply and some venous...
Article

Small bowel ischemia

Small bowel ischemia may be a life-threatening condition, arising from any one of numerous causes of disturbance of the normal blood flow through the small bowel wall.  Pathology Etiology It can be divided into acute and chronic forms, with the main underlying etiologies (each discussed separ...
Article

Lower gastrointestinal bleeding

Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) is defined as that occurring distal to the ligament of Treitz (i.e. from the jejunum, ileum, colon, rectum or anus) and presenting as either hematochezia (bright red blood/clots or burgundy stools) or melena. Epidemiology The incidence of lower gastrointe...
Article

Intestinal angioedema

Intestinal angioedema, also known as bowel angioedema, is edema into the submucosal space of the bowel wall following protein extravasation from "leaky" vessels. It can affect both the small and large bowel. Clinical presentation Patients often present with non-specific findings of abdominal p...
Article

Bowel perforation

Bowel perforation, either small bowel perforation or large bowel perforation, can occur in many different settings, but the more common are bowel obstruction (both small and large) bowel ischemia severe ulcer disease diverticular disease infection malignant diseases gastr...

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