Items tagged “rotator cuff”

14 results found
Article

Calcific tendinitis

Calcific tendinitis, also known as calcific tendinopathy or tendonitis, is a self-limiting condition due to the deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite within tendons, usually of the rotator cuff. It is a common presentation of hydroxyapatite crystal deposition disease (HADD).  Epidemiology Typic...
Article

Rotator cuff

The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and their tendons, important in stabilizing the glenohumeral joint: supraspinatus: abduction infraspinatus: external rotation teres minor: external rotation subscapularis: internal rotation Other structures that stabilize the glenohumeral joint in...
Article

Subacromial impingement

Subacromial impingement is the most common form of shoulder impingement and occurs secondary to attrition between the coracoacromial arch and the underlying supraspinatus tendon or subacromial bursa, leading to tendinopathy and bursitis respectively. Pathology Etiology acromial shape os acro...
Article

Ultrasound of the shoulder

Ultrasound of the shoulder is a fast, relatively cheap, and dynamic way to examine the rotator cuff and is particularly useful in diagnosing: shoulder impingement shoulder instability rotator cuff disorders The examination requires attention to technique and appropriate patient p...
Article

Cartilage interface sign

Cartilage interface sign, also referred to as double cortex sign, refers to the sonographic presence of a thin markedly hyperechoic line at the interface between the normally hypoechoic hyaline articular cartilage of the humeral head and an abnormally hypoechoic supraspinatus tendon. This arises...
Article

Rotator cuff (mnemonic)

Mnemonics to recall the muscles of the rotator cuff are: SITS TISS Mnemonic S: supraspinatus I: infraspinatus T: teres minor S: subscapularis With 'SITS', recalling this order also helps remember the insertions of these muscles, with the order being superior, middle, and inferior facets ...
Article

Acromiohumeral interval

Acromiohumeral interval is a useful and reliable measurement on AP shoulder radiographs and when narrowed is indicative of subacromial impingement, rotator cuff tear and/or tendinopathy. In patients with rotator cuff repair, a narrow acromiohumeral interval is a risk factor for re-tear 7. Meas...
Article

Transverse humeral ligament

The transverse humeral ligament (also known as the Brodie ligament) is a small broad ligament that extends between the lesser and greater tubercles of the humerus superior to the epiphyseal line. It encloses the tendon of the long head of biceps brachii and its sheath in the bicipital groove, fo...
Article

Footprint of the rotator cuff

The footprint of the rotator cuff is the insertional anatomy and the common tendon of the rotator cuff. It is an integral part of the stability of the glenohumeral joint. Gross anatomy The rotator cuff footprint involves the convergence of the four rotator cuff tendons, which form a multi-laye...
Article

Articular-sided rotator cuff tear

Articular-sided rotator cuff tears are partial-thickness rotator cuff tears extending from the articular side into the rotator cuff. Epidemiology Articular-sided rotator cuff tears commonly occur in athletes with overhead activity 1. They are more common than bursal-sided tears and most commo...
Article

Intrasubstance rotator cuff tear

Intrasubstance rotator cuff tears also known as concealed interstitial delaminations (CID) are concealed partial-thickness rotator cuff tears neither extending to the articular nor the bursal side of the rotator cuff. Epidemiology According to cadaver studies they are the most common form of p...
Article

Critical zone tear

A critical zone tear refers to a rotator cuff tear in the critical zone of the rotator cuff, described approximately 8-20 mm proximal of the insertion site. Epidemiology Common in adults and older people not so common in children and adolescents 2. Clinical presentation The clinical manifest...
Article

Massive rotator cuff tear

Massive rotator cuff tears are large full-thickness tears usually leading to glenohumeral joint destabilization. Different definitions of a massive rotator cuff tear exist in regard to tear size or the involvement of tendons. Epidemiology They constitute up to 40% of all rotator cuff tears 1,2...
Article

Cleavage tear of the rotator cuff

Cleavage tears of the rotator cuff are delaminated rotator cuff tears characterized as horizontal intratendinous splits between the articular and bursal layers of the rotator cuff tendons filled with fluid. Epidemiology Intratendinous delaminations seem to be common in articular-sided and burs...

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