Items tagged “skull”
26 results found
Article
Cephalohematoma
Cephalohematomas are traumatic subperiosteal hematomas of the skull that are usually caused by birth injury. They are bound between the periosteum and cranium, and therefore cannot cross sutures. Being bound by a suture line distinguishes them from subgaleal hematoma, which can cross sutures.
E...
Article
Platybasia
Platybasia is characterized by abnormal flattening of the skull base as defined as a base of skull angle over 143º.
Clinical presentation
Platybasia alone does not usually cause symptoms unless it is associated with basilar invagination 6.
Pathology
Etiology
congenital
achondroplasia
Dow...
Article
Pott puffy tumor
Pott puffy tumor refers to a non-neoplastic complication of acute sinusitis. It is characterized by a primarily subgaleal collection, subperiosteal abscess, and osteomyelitis. It is usually related to the frontal sinus but is sometimes secondary to mastoid pathology.
Rarer etiologies include tr...
Article
Wormian bone
Wormian bones (also known as intrasutural bones) is the name given to the additional small bones sometimes found between the cranial sutures of the bones of the skull vault, most commonly in relation to the lambdoid suture. Some reserve the term Wormian bones to just the intrasutural bones proxi...
Article
Osteoporosis circumscripta cranii
Osteoporosis circumscripta cranii, also known as osteolysis circumscripta, refers to discrete radiolucent regions of the skull on plain radiographs. They are often seen in context of the lytic (incipient-active) phase of Paget disease of the skull, but may be observed in other circumstances as w...
Article
Trigonocephaly
Trigonocephaly refers to the triangular appearance of the frontal skull created by premature fusion of the metopic suture (metopic craniosynostosis) 2. Trigonocephaly accounts for around 5% of all craniosynostosis cases 4.
Epidemiology
Associations
Jacobsen syndrome
Pathology
The metopic su...
Article
Caput succedaneum
Caput succedaneum is a manifestation of birth trauma, and it consists of a subcutaneous serosanguineous fluid collection external to the galea aponeurosis in the newborn's scalp. The fluid collection is extra-periosteal. It may be imaged with ultrasound, CT, or MRI.
Caput succedaneum results fr...
Article
Giant parietal foramina
Giant parietal foramina are a type of congenital calvarial defect. They result from delayed/incomplete ossification of the parietal bone.
Epidemiology
Associations
Increased incidence of venous and cortical anomalies 4. Bilateral parietal foramina are associated with Potocki-Shaffer syndrome...
Article
Skull metastases
Metastases to the skull are very common in patients with disseminated skeletal metastatic disease, although they are often asymptomatic. For a more detailed general discussion please refer to the article on skeletal metastatic disease.
Epidemiology
Skull metastases are seen in ~20% (range 15-2...
Article
Metopic suture
The metopic suture (also known as the frontal, interfrontal, or median frontal suture) is a vertical fibrous joint that divides the two halves of the frontal bone and is present in a newborn.
Persistent metopic sutures can be misdiagnosed as vertical skull fractures, therefore it is important t...
Article
Leptomeningeal cyst
Leptomeningeal cysts, also known as growing skull fractures, are an enlarging skull fracture that occurs near post-traumatic encephalomalacia. The term cyst is actually a misnomer, as it is not a cyst, but an extension of the encephalomalacia. Hence, it is usually seen a few months post-trauma.
...
Article
Fracture-a-la-signature (skull fracture)
Fracture-a-la-signature (or signature fracture) is another term used to described a depressed skull fracture.
Fracture-a-la-signature derives its name from forensic medicine because the size and shape of a depressed skull fracture may give information on the type of weapon used. It can be a si...
Article
Squamous part of temporal bone
The squamous part of the temporal bone (or squamous temporalis/squamous temporal bone) is a very thin bone and forms the anterosuperior aspect of the temporal bone.
Gross anatomy
The squamous temporal bone's outer convex surface provides attachment to the temporalis muscle and forms a boundary...
Article
Frontal bone
The frontal bone is a skull bone that contributes to the cranial vault. It contributes to form part of the anterior cranial fossa.
Gross anatomy
The frontal bone has two portions:
vertical portion (squama): has external/internal surfaces
horizontal portion (orbital): has superior/inferior su...
Article
Parietal bone
The parietal bone is a paired, irregular, quadrilateral skull bone that forms the sides and roof of the cranium.
Gross anatomy
The parietal bone has four borders, four angles, and external/internal surfaces.
The four borders are:
frontal
sagittal
occipital (half of lambdoid suture)
squam...
Article
Occipital bone
The occipital bone, also known as C0, is a trapezoid skull bone that contributes to the posteroinferior part of the cranial vault. It is pierced by the foramen magnum, permitting communication from the cranial cavity to the vertebral canal.
Terminology
Occiput is a noun referring to the back o...
Article
Sphenoid bone
The sphenoid bone is a large, complex, unpaired bone forming the central parts of the anterior and central skull base.
Gross anatomy
Parts of the sphenoid bone include:
body
jugum sphenoideum
contains the sphenoid sinus
greater wing
lesser wing
pterygoid process and plates
Articulations...
Article
Bilateral thinning of the parietal bones
Bilateral thinning of the parietal bones, also known as biparietal osteodystrophy, is an uncommon, slowly progressive acquired disease of middle-aged people with a slight female predilection. It is typically an incidental finding.
Pathology
The etiology is unknown but is thought to be an age-...
Article
Zygomaticomaxillary suture
The zygomaticomaxillary suture is between the zygomatic process of the maxilla and the maxillary process of the zygomatic bone. They are often involved in zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures.
Article
Squamosal suture
The squamosal or squamous suture is the cranial suture between the temporal and parietal bones bilaterally. From the pterion, it extends posteriorly, curves inferiorly and continues as the parietotemporal suture.
Along with growth of the pterion, the asterion and at the frontozygomatic suture, ...
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