Items tagged “stub”

1,307 results found
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Taeniae coli

The taeniae coli are three longitudinal bands of smooth muscle on the outer colonic wall that extend from the cecum to the distal sigmoid colon. Gross anatomy The taeniae coli lie superficial to the inner circumferential layer of the colonic smooth muscle and result in the classic interrupted ...
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Rugal folds

The rugal folds are the mucosal folds within the stomach that give the distinctive appearance on barium studies. Rugal folds aid in increasing the volume of stomach without a significant change of the pressure within. They are comprised of both mucosa and submucosal layers. Normally the thickne...
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Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma

Mesenchymal chondrosarcomas (MCS) are rare highly malignant chondrosarcomas with a biphasic morphology of a primitive mesenchymal tumor and a well-differentiated cartilaginous component. Epidemiology Mesenchymal chondrosarcomas are rare tumors and make up for ~2-4% of all chondrosarcomas 1. Th...
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Acroparesthesia

Acroparesthesia refers to tingling, pins-and-needles, burning or numbness or stiffness in the hands and feet, particularly the fingers and toes 1. Occasionally episodic pain is also present, which can be very severe 1.  It is one of the more common manifestations of Fabry disease (more common t...
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Epididymal calcification

Epididymal calcification can be seen on ultrasound as hyperechoic foci within the epididymal head. If the calcifications are large enough, then they may demonstrate acoustic shadowing. Differential diagnosis chronic epididymitis, e.g. bacterial, granulomatous (TB) or genital filariasis  traum...
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Pelvic teardrop

The pelvic teardrop, also known as U-figure or Köhler​ teardrop, is a radiographic feature seen on pelvic x-rays and results from the end-on projection of a bony ridge running along the floor of the acetabular fossa (cotyloid fossa). This was shown to be the case by demonstrating that sawing aw...
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Moulage sign (bowel)

The moulage sign is related to sprue, in particular celiac disease. It occurs where there is a dilated jejunal loop with complete loss of jejunal folds 1. It is said to appear like a tube into which wax has been poured. History and etymology Moulage (French: casting/molding) is the art of appl...
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Pseudokidney sign (intussusception)

The pseudokidney sign is a characteristic ultrasound appearance in some cases of intestinal intussusception. It refers to the longitudinal ultrasound appearance of the intussuscepted segment of bowel which mimics a kidney. The fat-containing mesentery, containing vessels, which is dragged into ...
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Crescent in a doughnut sign (intestinal intussusception)

The crescent in a doughnut sign refers to the transverse ultrasound appearance of intestinal intussusception, and is a variation of the target sign (which is also known as the doughnut sign) The doughnut is formed by concentric alternating echogenic and hypoechogenic bands. The echogenic bands ...
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Secondary CNS lymphoma

Secondary CNS lymphoma (SCNSL) refers to central nervous system spread of lymphoma that originated elsewhere (in contrast to primary CNS lymphoma). It is typically a non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and may be an isolated recurrence or may be part of systemic disease at the time of presentation 2. Unlike p...
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External auditory canal

The external auditory canal (EAC) or external auditory meatus (EAM) extends from the lateral porus acusticus externus medially to the tympanic membrane. Terminology As the term external auditory meatus is variably used to refer to the canal itself or the porus acusticus externus (the round lat...
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Fourth ventriculocoele

A fourth ventriculocoele is large posterior fossa cyst which remodels, thins and eventually erodes through the occipital bone to form an occipital encephalocoele. It may be classified as part of the Dandy-Walker continuum, but this is controversial.
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Mandibular torus

Mandibular tori (cf. maxillary tori) are common benign outgrowths of bone from the inner surface of the mandible and are usually bilateral. Clinical presentation They are usually asymptomatic but may cause issues with eating and drinking. Pathology They are composed of compact bone, densely ...
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Supraoptic recess

The supraoptic recess, also known as the optic recess or chiasmatic recess, is a small angular recess or diverticulum that sits at the junction of the floor and anterior wall of the third ventricle, immediately above the optic chiasm. Related pathology When the third ventricle is expanded due ...
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Intracranial choriocarcinoma

Intracranial choriocarcinomas are rare, accounting for only 5% of all pineal masses 2 and 10% of all intracranial germ cells tumors 1. Like other intracranial germ cell tumors, they are found both in the pineal and suprasellar region. Typically they have increased CSF and plasma b-HCG, which are...
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Peroneal tubercle

The peroneal tubercle (also known as the peroneal trochlea) is one of the two bony projections or protuberances that may be seen on the lateral aspect of the calcaneus, the other one being the retrotrochlear eminence. Gross anatomy The peroneal tubercle is present immediately inferior to the f...
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Retrotrochlear eminence

The retrotrochlear eminence is located posterior to the peroneal tubercle and the peroneal tendons. It is one of two bony projections or protuberances that may be seen arising from the lateral wall of the calcaneum, the other being the peroneal tubercle. It is seen to be prominent in individua...
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Crescent sign of arterial dissection

The crescent sign refers to the high signal crescent seen in the wall of a vessel when dissected. This may be seen both on T1 or T2 sequences depending on the age of the blood (see aging blood on MRI). It is classically referred to in internal carotid artery dissection. It should not be confuse...
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Mandibular canal

The mandibular canal, also known as the inferior alveolar canal (IAC), is located within the internal aspect of the mandible and contains the inferior alveolar nerve, artery and vein. It starts at the mandibular foramen, on the lingual side of the ramus, continues on the buccal surface of the ma...
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Mandibular foramen

The mandibular foramen or inferior alveolar foramen is located on the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible and is the entrance to the mandibular canal. It transmits the inferior alveolar nerve, a branch of the posterior division of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve that supp...

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