Items tagged “upper limb”
17 results found
Article
Brachial plexus root subdivisions (mnemonic)
Mnemonics for brachial plexus root subdivisions include:
Rad Techs Drink Cold Beer
Robbie T Drinks Cold Beer
Rugby Teams Drink Cold Beers
Reach To Drink Cold Beer
Read That Damn Cadaver Book
Really Tired, Don't Care Now (nerve instead of branch)
Red Toucans Don't Come Back
Mnemonic
Whe...
Article
Rotator cuff
The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and their tendons, important in stabilizing the glenohumeral joint:
supraspinatus: abduction
infraspinatus: external rotation
teres minor: external rotation
subscapularis: internal rotation
Other structures that stabilize the glenohumeral joint in...
Article
Quadrangular space
The quadrangular space (or quadrilateral space) is one of three spaces located in the posterior compartment of the arm, along with the lateral triangular space and medial triangular space that allow communication between the axilla and posterior compartment of the arm.
Gross anatomy
Boundaries...
Article
Ossification centers of the wrist
Ossification of the wrist can be divided into two components:
carpal bone ossification centers
distal radial and ulna ossification centers
Ossification of the carpal bones
Ossification of the carpal bones occurs in a predictable sequence, starting with the capitate and ending with the pisifo...
Article
Anconeus epitrochlearis muscle
The anconeus epitrochlearis muscle is an accessory muscle of the upper limb at the medial aspect of the elbow. It is also known as the accessory anconeus muscle or epitrochleoanconeus muscle and should not be confused with the anconeus muscle which is present at the lateral aspect of the elbow. ...
Article
Upper extremity dislocations
Upper extremity dislocations are relatively common on account of the great range of motion the upper limb is capable of (a general principle is that the greater the range of motion of a joint, the more prone it is to dislocation). In many instances dislocations are associated with fractures eith...
Article
Anterior humeral line
The anterior humeral line is key to demonstrating normal elbow alignment and should be used whenever reading a pediatric elbow radiograph to exclude a subtle supracondylar fracture.
Measurement
A line drawn down the anterior surface of the humerus should intersect the middle third of the capit...
Article
Rotator cuff (mnemonic)
Mnemonics to recall the muscles of the rotator cuff are:
SITS
TISS
Mnemonic
S: supraspinatus
I: infraspinatus
T: teres minor
S: subscapularis
With 'SITS', recalling this order also helps remember the insertions of these muscles, with the order being superior, middle, and inferior facets ...
Article
Brachial artery
The brachial artery is the main supply of arterial blood to the arm, forearm, and hand.
Summary
origin: continuation of axillary artery distal to teres major
location: medial upper arm
supply: muscles of the arm, forearm, and hand
main branches: profunda brachii
terminal branches: radial ...
Article
Lateral triangular space
The lateral triangular space, also called the triangular interval or lower triangular space 1 or triceps hiatus, is a space connecting the axilla to the posterior compartment of the arm. It should not be confused with the similarly named medial (upper) triangular space.
Gross anatomy
It is a d...
Article
Abductor pollicis longus muscle
The abductor pollicis longus (APL) muscle is found in the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm. As it descends, it becomes superficial and passes under the extensor retinaculum and through the 1st extensor compartment of the wrist before attaching distally. It is one of the ext...
Article
Scapula
The scapula (plural: scapulae) is a roughly triangular shaped bone of the pectoral girdle with several articulations connecting to the humerus and clavicle.
Gross anatomy
Osteology
The main part of the scapula, the body, consists of a somewhat triangular-shaped flat blade, with an inferiorly...
Article
Carpal tunnel
The carpal tunnel is a fibro-osseous canal in the anterior (volar) wrist that acts as a passageway for structures between the anterior forearm and the hand.
Gross anatomy
Boundaries
superficial border (roof): flexor retinaculum
deep border (floor): carpal groove (formed by palmar aspect of c...
Article
Abductor pollicis brevis muscle
The abductor pollicis brevis muscle is a thin subcutaneous muscle located laterally in the thenar eminence of the hand, and is one of the intrinsic muscles of the hand.
Summary
origin: mainly from the flexor retinaculum
few fibers originate from the tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium and ten...
Article
Opponens pollicis muscle
The opponens pollicis muscle is one of the muscles of the thenar eminence, deep to abductor pollicis brevis, and is one of the intrinsic muscles of the hand. The three muscles that constitute the thenar eminence muscle group are abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis and opponens polli...
Article
Guyon's canal
Guyon’s canal (also known as ulnar tunnel or canal) is a fibro-osseous tunnel at the anterior aspect of the wrist. It is superficial and slightly proximal to the flexor retinaculum. It is approximately 4 cm in length, spanning from the proximal aspect of the pisiform to the hook of hamate.
Gros...
Article
Posterior humeral circumflex artery
The posterior humeral circumflex artery is a vessel arising from the axillary artery at the proximal part of the arm.
Summary
origin: branch of the axillary artery at the proximal part of the arm 1
location: proximal arm
supply: glenohumeral joint, teres major and minor, and deltoid 1
main ...