Items tagged “variant”

425 results found
Article

Synovial plicae (knee)

Synovial plicae are folds of synovium, thought to represent embryologic remnants. They are common, present in ~90% of arthroscopies 3.  They have been implicated in anterior knee pain and possibly in chondromalacia patellae although their role remains controversial 1,3.  Gross anatomy Some pl...
Article

Ectopic thyroid

An ectopic thyroid gland is one which is located in a location other than the normal position anterior to the laryngeal cartilages. Terminology Ectopic tissue refers to the tissue located outside its normal anatomical position whereas accessory tissue refers to extra tissue located remotely fr...
Article

Lunate morphology

Several classification systems exist for the lunate morphology 1, 2. Classification The lunate classification proposed by Viegas et al. is arguably the most relevant 3:  type I lunate: single distal articular facet for the capitate type II lunate: additional distal articular facet medially f...
Article

Faceless kidney

A faceless kidney refers to one in which the normal appearance of the renal sinus on cross-sectional imaging is absent. It was initially described as a sign of duplication of the collecting system 1 (a slice obtained between the two collecting systems will not demonstrate the normal components o...
Case

Horseshoe kidney

  Diagnosis certain
Natalie Yang
Published 27 May 2010
62% complete
CT
Article

Sigmoid kidney

A sigmoid kidney is an uncommon variant of the horseshoe kidney. Whereas the typical horseshoe kidney is fused only at the lower poles, in a sigmoid kidney both the upper and the lower poles are fused 1.
Article

Supracondylar spur

A supracondylar spur, supracondylar process, supratrochlear spur, or avian spur of the distal anteromedial humeral cortex is an anatomical variant present in ~1% 1,2 of the population.  Gross anatomy The supracondylar spur is typically located on the anteromedial humeral cortex, 5 cm proximal ...
Article

Tracheal bronchus

A tracheal bronchus (with some variations also known as a pig bronchus) is an anatomical variant where an accessory bronchus originates directly from the supracarinal trachea. Terminology The term (pig bronchus or bronchus suis) is often given when the entire upper lobe (usually right side) i...
Case

Atlanto-occipital assimilation

  Diagnosis certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 08 Aug 2010
50% complete
X-ray
Article

Cavum veli interpositi

A cavum veli interpositi (CVI), often incorrectly termed a cavum velum interpositum, is an anatomic variation where there is a dilatation of the normal cistern of the velum interpositum. When larger than 1 cm in axial transverse measurement, with outwardly bowed margins and positive mass effect,...
Article

Accessory breast tissue

Accessory breast tissue, also known as polymastia, is a relatively common congenital condition in which abnormal accessory breast tissue is seen in addition to the presence of normal breast tissue. This normal variant can present as a mass anywhere along the course of the embryologic mammary str...
Case

Pancake adrenal gland in patient with a right pelvic kidney

  Diagnosis almost certain
Lee-Anne Slater
Published 19 Oct 2010
63% complete
Ultrasound
Case

Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas

  Diagnosis not applicable
The Radswiki
Published 20 Oct 2010
39% complete
CT
Case

Arcuate uterus

  Diagnosis certain
The Radswiki
Published 20 Oct 2010
59% complete
MRI
Article

Cervical rib

Cervical ribs are supernumerary or accessory ribs arising from the seventh cervical vertebra. They occur in ~0.5% of the population, are usually bilateral, but often asymmetric 2, and are more common in females. Related pathology Although cervical ribs are usually asymptomatic, they are the mo...
Article

Crossed fused renal ectopia

Crossed fused renal ectopia refers to an anomaly where the kidneys are fused and located on the same side of the midline. Epidemiology The estimated incidence is around 1 out of 1000 births 1. There is a recognized male predilection with a 2:1 male to female ratio. More than 90% of crossed ren...
Article

Vesicourachal diverticulum

Vesicourachal diverticulum, or just urachal diverticulum, is one of the congenital urachal remnant abnormalities. Gross anatomy It is the proximal equivalent of a urachal umbilical sinus, representing a result of the failure of the urachus to close at the urinary bladder, forming an out-pouchi...
Article

Anomalous course of coronary arteries

Anomalous course of a coronary artery is a type of congenital coronary artery anomaly. It may represent a benign and incidental finding, but rarely it is a malignant course predisposing patients to life-threatening myocardial ischemia or arrhythmias, depending on where the artery runs.  Clinica...
Article

Butterfly vertebra

Butterfly vertebra, also sometimes known as a sagittal cleft vertebra or anterior rachischisis, is a type of vertebral anomaly that results from the failure of fusion of the lateral halves of the vertebral body because of persistent notochordal tissue between them. Pathology Butterfly vertebra...
Article

Azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava

Azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava (also known as the absence of the hepatic segment of the IVC with azygos continuation) is an uncommon vascular anomaly and is a cause of a dilated azygos vein. Terminology Spelling it "azygous" when referring to the vein is incorrect, regardless of...

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