What are the risk factors for renal cell carcinoma?
Cigarette smoking, dialysis-related cystic disease and obesity, along with various diseases, such as Von Hippel Lindau.
What is meant by nephron sparing treatment?
The traditional treatment for renal cell carcinoma is a total nephrectomy. Selective stage 1 and 2 tumours, may be treated with partial nephrectomy or ablation therapy - saving part of the kidney and so 'nephron sparing', meaning renal function is better retained.
Large heterogeneous solid mass involving the superior pole of the right kidney.