An uncommon, but recognized complication of chronic renal stone disease.

Primary renal squamous cell carcinoma constitutes less than 1% of all urinary tract neoplasms.

The radiological suspicion from the CT was of SCC, given the soft tissue around the long standing pelvic stone, without the typical appearances of the most common urological primary tumors of RCC and TCC.

This was proven on image guided biopsy.