Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a highly uncommon neurological disorder that manifests itself through a variety of neurological symptoms.

There are some reports in which chemotherapy can be linked to PRES, although this is a relatively uncommon occurrence. PRES has been reported to occur in cancer patients who are undergoing chemotherapy, particularly with certain classes of chemotherapeutic agents.The precise mechanisms by which chemotherapy may lead to PRES are not completely understood; however, there are some theories that suggest that it may be related to changes in blood pressure, vascular permeability, or direct toxicity to the brain.