Blueberry muffin syndrome (a.k.a. blueberry muffin baby or rash) refers to a skin appearance seen in pediatric patients with multiple raised cutaneous, classically blue/purple lesions which is due to extramedullary hematopoiesis in the dermis.
The syndrome was originally described in congenital rubella cases in the United States in the 1960s 3. It is also seen in other congenital infections, malignancies (e.g. primary adrenal neuroblastoma) and hematological disorders.
Pathology
Etiology
congenital infections
hematological disease
malignancy
congenital vascular disease
- multiple hemangiomas of infancy
- multifocal lymphangioendotheliomatosis
- blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome
- multiple glomangiomas