Carcinoid tumor

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Carcinoid tumours isare a type of neuroendocrine tumour which can occur in number of locations. Carcinoid tumours arise from endocrine amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) cells that can be found throughout the gastrointestinal tract as well as other organs (e.g. lung). In general they are slow growing tumours but are nevertheless capable of metastasis.

Clinical presentation

gastrointestinal tract carcinoid can present as vague abdominal pain.
carcinoid syndrome

Pathology

Location

gastrointestinal tract carcinoid ~~- the~~: the gastrointestinal tract accounts for ~~~ 85~~~85% carcinoid tumours while carcinoid accounts for ~~~ 2~~~2% of gastrointestinal tract tumours.
- appendiceal carcinoid ~~- the~~: the appendix accounts for ~~~ 50~~~50% of all carcinoid tumours
- small bowel carcinoid ~~- the~~: the terminal ileum accounts for ~~~ 90~~~90% of all small bowel carcinoid tumours
- gastric carcinoid ~~- carcinoid~~: carcinoid accounts for 0.3% of gastric tumours ¹
primary hepatic carcinoid :
ovarian carcinoid ~~- accounts~~: accounts for 0.5% of carcinoid tumours and 0.3% of ovarian tumours ⁷.
carcinoid tumours of lung
- bronchial carcinoid-: accounts for 1-2% of lung tumours ⁴
- peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumours
thymic carcinoid

Serological markersMarkers

5HIAA - (5-hydroxyindoleaceticacid): usually suggests functioning carcinoid tumour
chromogranin A (CgA): - considered valuable tool in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine neoplasia in general ⁶

Radiographic features

CT/MRI

Refer to specific articles for imaging characteristics.

Scintigraphy

In¹¹¹ octreotide (Octreoscan) - generally specific for gastrointestinal tract carcinoid tumours as well as liver metastases.

EtymologyTreatment and prognosis

Complications

cardiac valve lesions from carcinoid

Historical context

It was initially coined by Oberndorfer in 1907 as “Karzinoide” to denote its resemblance to carcinoma ⁴.

Complications

~~cardiac valve lesions from carcinoid~~

-<p>A <strong>carcinoid tumour</strong> is a type of <a href="/articles/neuroendocrine-tumour">neuroendocrine tumour</a> which can occur in number of locations. Carcinoid tumours arise from endocrine amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) cells that can be found throughout the gastrointestinal tract as well as other organs (e.g. lung). In general they are slow growing tumours but are nevertheless capable of metastasis.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><ul>
~~-<li>gastrointestinal tract carcinoid can present as vague abdominal pain.</li>~~
+<p><strong>Carcinoid tumours</strong> are a type of <a href="/articles/neuroendocrine-tumour">neuroendocrine tumour</a> which can occur in number of locations. Carcinoid tumours arise from endocrine amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) cells that can be found throughout the gastrointestinal tract as well as other organs (e.g. lung). In general they are slow growing tumours but are nevertheless capable of metastasis.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><ul>
+<li>gastrointestinal tract carcinoid can present as vague abdominal pain</li>
-<a href="/articles/gastrointestinal-tract-carcinoid">gastrointestinal tract carcinoid</a> - the gastrointestinal tract accounts for ~ 85% carcinoid tumours while carcinoid accounts for ~ 2% of gastrointestinal tract tumours. <ul>
+<a href="/articles/gastrointestinal-tract-carcinoid">gastrointestinal tract carcinoid</a>: the gastrointestinal tract accounts for ~85% carcinoid tumours while carcinoid accounts for ~2% of gastrointestinal tract tumours.<ul>
~~-<a href="/articles/appendiceal-carcinoid">appendiceal carcinoid</a> - the appendix accounts for ~ 50% of all carcinoid tumours</li>~~
+<a href="/articles/appendiceal-carcinoid">appendiceal carcinoid</a>: the appendix accounts for ~50% of all carcinoid tumours</li>
~~-<a href="/articles/small-bowel-carcinoid">small bowel carcinoid</a> - the terminal ileum accounts for ~ 90% of all small bowel carcinoid tumours</li>~~
+<a href="/articles/small-bowel-carcinoid">small bowel carcinoid</a>: the terminal ileum accounts for ~90% of all small bowel carcinoid tumours</li>
~~-<a href="/articles/gastric-carcinoid">gastric carcinoid</a> - carcinoid accounts for 0.3% of gastric tumours <sup>1</sup>~~
+<a href="/articles/gastric-carcinoid">gastric carcinoid</a>: carcinoid accounts for 0.3% of gastric tumours <sup>1</sup>
~~-<li><a href="/articles/primary-hepatic-carcinoid">primary hepatic carcinoid :</a></li>~~
+<li><a href="/articles/primary-hepatic-carcinoid">primary hepatic carcinoid</a></li>
~~-<a href="/articles/ovarian-carcinoid-tumours">ovarian carcinoid</a> - accounts for 0.5% of carcinoid tumours and 0.3 % of ovarian tumours <sup>7</sup>.</li>~~
+<a href="/articles/ovarian-carcinoid-tumours">ovarian carcinoid</a>: accounts for 0.5% of carcinoid tumours and 0.3% of ovarian tumours <sup>7</sup>
+</li>
~~-<a href="/articles/bronchial-carcinoid">bronchial carcinoid </a>- accounts for 1-2% of lung tumours <sup>4</sup>~~
+<a href="/articles/bronchial-carcinoid">bronchial carcinoid</a>: accounts for 1-2% of lung tumours <sup>4</sup>
~~-</ul><h5><strong>Serological markers</strong></h5><div>~~
~~-<ul>~~
+</ul><h5><strong>Markers</strong></h5><ul>
~~-<strong>5HIAA</strong> - (5-hydroxyindoleaceticacid) : usually suggests functioning carcinoid tumour</li>~~
+<strong>5HIAA</strong> (5-hydroxyindoleaceticacid): usually suggests functioning carcinoid tumour</li>
~~-<strong><a href="/articles/chromogranin-a-cga">chromogranin A (CgA)</a></strong> - considered valuable tool in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine neoplasia in general <sup>6</sup>~~
+<strong><a href="/articles/chromogranin-a-cga">chromogranin A (CgA)</a></strong>:<strong> </strong>considered valuable tool in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine neoplasia in general <sup>6</sup>
~~-</ul>~~
~~-<h4>Radiographic features</h4>~~
~~-<h5><strong>CT/MRI </strong></h5>~~
~~-<p>Refer to specific articles for imaging characteristics</p>~~
~~-<h5><strong>Scintigraphy</strong></h5>~~
~~-<p>In<sup>111</sup> octreotide (<a href="/articles/octreoscan">Octreoscan</a>) - generally specific for gastrointestinal tract carcinoid tumours as well as liver metastases</p>~~
~~-<h4>Etymology</h4>~~
~~-<p>It was initially coined by <strong>Oberndorfer</strong> in 1907 as “Karzinoide” to denote its resemblance to carcinoma <sup>4</sup></p>~~
~~-<h4>Complications</h4>~~
~~-<ul><li><a href="/articles/carcinoid-cardiac-lesions">cardiac valve lesions from carcinoid</a></li></ul>~~
~~-</div>~~
+</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5><strong>CT/MRI </strong></h5><p>Refer to specific articles for imaging characteristics.</p><h5><strong>Scintigraphy</strong></h5><p>In<sup>111</sup> octreotide (<a href="/articles/octreoscan">Octreoscan</a>) generally specific for gastrointestinal tract carcinoid tumours as well as liver metastases.</p><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><h5>Complications</h5><ul><li><a href="/articles/carcinoid-cardiac-lesions">cardiac valve lesions from carcinoid</a></li></ul><h4>Historical context</h4><p>It was initially coined by <strong>Oberndorfer</strong> in 1907 as “Karzinoide” to denote its resemblance to carcinoma <sup>4</sup>.</p>

Images Changes:

Image 1 Pathology (Gross pathology) ( update )

Caption was changed:

~~Gross~~Figure 1: gross pathology - terminal ileal carcinoid

Image 2 Pathology (H&E) ( update )

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~~Histological~~Figure 2: histological appearance

Position was set to .

Image 10 CT (C+ portal venous phase) ( update )

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