CEA
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Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a cell adhesive-adhesive glycoprotein that was discovered in colorectal cancer in 1965, and is hence one of the oldest and most used tumour markers. Its name derives from its normal expression in fetoembryonic liver, gut and pancreas tissue.
Normal range of CEA is <2.5 ng/ml in adult non-smokers and <5.0 ng/ml in smokers.
Its primary signicancesignificance is in colorectal cancer:
- as with most tumour markers it is inappropriate for screening given it poor sensitivity and specificity
- used routinely for detecting post operative early
recurrancerecurrence and metastatic disease, especially liver disease - also used for monitoring
reponseresponse to treatment of metastatic disease - higher levels are associated with
:- higher grade tumours
- higher stage disease
- visceral metastases (especially liver metastases)
It can also be found elevated in a number of other malignancies:
- pancreatic adenocarcinoma
- stomach cancer
- cholangiocarcinoma
- lung cancer
- breast cancer
- medullary thyroid carcinoma
- ovarian cancer
- sarcomas (rare)
Non-neoplastic causes common and include:
- ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease
- alcoholic pancreatitis
- liver disease
:- cirrhosis
- chemotherapy related liver injury
- anaesthetic related liver injury
- COPD and some lung infections
- hypothyroidism
- smoking
See other tumour markers here.
-<p>Serum <strong>carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) </strong>is cell adhesive glycoprotein that was discovered in colorectal cancer in 1965, and is hence one of the oldest and most used <a href="/articles/tumour-markers">tumour markers</a>. Its name derives from its normal expression in fetoembryonic liver, gut and pancreas tissue.</p><p>Normal range of CEA is <2.5 ng/ml in adult non-smokers and <5.0 ng/ml in smokers.</p><p>Its primary signicance is in <a href="/articles/colorectal-carcinoma">colorectal cancer</a>:</p><ul>- +<p>Serum <strong>carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) </strong>is a cell-adhesive glycoprotein that was discovered in colorectal cancer in 1965, and is hence one of the oldest and most used <a href="/articles/tumour-markers">tumour markers</a>. Its name derives from its normal expression in fetoembryonic liver, gut and pancreas tissue.</p><p>Normal range of CEA is <2.5 ng/ml in adult non-smokers and <5.0 ng/ml in smokers.</p><p>Its primary significance is in <a href="/articles/colorectal-carcinoma">colorectal cancer</a>:</p><ul>
-<li>used routinely for detecting post operative early recurrance and metastatic disease, especially liver disease</li>-<li>also used for monitoring reponse to treatment of metastatic disease</li>-<li>higher levels are associated with:<ul>- +<li>used routinely for detecting post operative early recurrence and metastatic disease, especially liver disease</li>
- +<li>also used for monitoring response to treatment of metastatic disease</li>
- +<li>higher levels are associated with<ul>
-<li><a title="Staging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma" href="/articles/pancreatic-ductal-adenocarcinoma-staging">pancreatic adenocarcinoma</a></li>- +<li><a href="/articles/pancreatic-ductal-adenocarcinoma-staging">pancreatic adenocarcinoma</a></li>
-<li><a title="Breast cancer" href="/articles/breast-neoplasms">breast cancer</a></li>- +<li><a href="/articles/breast-neoplasms">breast cancer</a></li>
-<li><a title="Ovarian cancer" href="/articles/ovarian-tumours">ovarian cancer</a></li>- +<li><a href="/articles/ovarian-tumours">ovarian cancer</a></li>
-<li>liver disease:<ul>- +<li>liver disease<ul>
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