Per vaginal (PV) bleeding in a non-pregnant patient is a common clinical presentation with a multitude of causes.
The potential causes vary with the patient's menstrual status. A well-known mnemonic is found here.
Premenopausal
- fibroids
- cervical cancer
- adenomyosis
- endometriosis
- polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
- pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- IUCD related
- embedded IUCD
- lost IUCD
- peri-pregnancy
- systemic diseases
- hyperthyroidism
- hypothyroidism
- thrombocytopenia
Postmenopausal
- endometrial polyp
- endometrial hyperplasia
- endometrial carcinoma
- cervical polyp
- vaginal cancer
- estrogen withdrawal
- fibroids
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