Diffuse glioma
Disclosures
- updated 15 Jul 2022:
Nothing to disclose
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
Diffuse glioma is a term used to encompass a variety of poorly marginated infiltrating tumours of the central nervous system, which histologically appear similar to glial cells, specifically astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. These range in biological behaviour from very indolent to extremely aggressive and this is reflected in grading that ranges from grade 1 to grade 4.
Importantly, the term diffuse glioma does not include circumscribed astrocytic tumours (e.g. pilocytic astrocytoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, etc...) nor tumours with admixed neuronal elements (e.g. ganglioglioma) although there is overlap, particularly with the latter.
Under the current version of the WHO classification of CNS tumours (5th(5th edition, 2021), they are broadly divided into adult and paediatric type tumours, with an increasing emphasis on molecular markers 1.
Adult-type diffuse gliomas
Paediatric-type diffuse low-grade gliomas
Paediatric-type diffuse high-grade gliomas
-<p><strong>Diffuse glioma</strong> is a term used to encompass a variety of poorly marginated infiltrating tumours of the central nervous system, which histologically appear similar to glial cells, specifically <a href="/articles/astrocytes">astrocytes</a> and <a href="/articles/oligodendrocytes">oligodendrocytes</a>. These range in biological behaviour from very indolent to extremely aggressive and this is reflected in grading that ranges from grade 1 to grade 4. </p><p>Importantly, the term diffuse glioma does not include <a href="/articles/astrocytic-tumours">circumscribed astrocytic tumours</a> (e.g. <a href="/articles/pilocytic-astrocytoma">pilocytic astrocytoma</a>, <a href="/articles/subependymal-giant-cell-astrocytoma">subependymal giant cell astrocytoma</a>, <a href="/articles/pleomorphic-xanthoastrocytoma">pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma</a> etc...) nor tumours with admixed neuronal elements (e.g. <a href="/articles/ganglioglioma">ganglioglioma</a>) although there is overlap, particularly with the latter. </p><p>Under the current version of the <a href="/articles/who-classification-of-cns-tumours-1">WHO classification of CNS </a><a href="/articles/who-classification-of-cns-tumours-1">tumours</a> (5th edition, 2021), they are broadly divided into adult and paediatric type tumours, with an increasing emphasis on molecular markers <sup>1</sup>. </p><h6>Adult-type diffuse gliomas</h6><ul>-<li><a href="/articles/astrocytoma-idh-mutant-1">astrocytoma, IDH-mutant</a></li>-<li><a href="/articles/oligodendroglioma">oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant, and 1p/19q-codeleted</a></li>-<li><a href="/articles/glioblastoma-idh-wildtype">glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype</a></li>- +<p><strong>Diffuse glioma</strong> is a term used to encompass a variety of poorly marginated infiltrating tumours of the central nervous system, which histologically appear similar to glial cells, specifically <a href="/articles/astrocytes">astrocytes</a> and <a href="/articles/oligodendrocytes">oligodendrocytes</a>. These range in biological behaviour from very indolent to extremely aggressive and this is reflected in grading that ranges from grade 1 to grade 4. </p><p>Importantly, the term diffuse glioma does not include <a href="/articles/astrocytic-tumours">circumscribed astrocytic tumours</a> (e.g. <a href="/articles/pilocytic-astrocytoma">pilocytic astrocytoma</a>, <a href="/articles/subependymal-giant-cell-astrocytoma">subependymal giant cell astrocytoma</a>, <a href="/articles/pleomorphic-xanthoastrocytoma">pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma</a>, etc.) nor tumours with admixed neuronal elements (e.g. <a href="/articles/ganglioglioma">ganglioglioma</a>) although there is overlap, particularly with the latter. </p><p>Under the current version of the <a href="/articles/who-classification-of-cns-tumours-1">WHO classification of CNS tumours</a> (5<sup>th</sup> edition, 2021), they are broadly divided into adult and paediatric type tumours, with an increasing emphasis on molecular markers <sup>1</sup>. </p><h6>Adult-type diffuse gliomas</h6><ul>
- +<li><p><a href="/articles/astrocytoma-idh-mutant-1">astrocytoma, IDH-mutant</a></p></li>
- +<li><p><a href="/articles/oligodendroglioma">oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant, and 1p/19q-codeleted</a></p></li>
- +<li><p><a href="/articles/glioblastoma-idh-wildtype">glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype</a></p></li>
-<li><a href="/articles/diffuse-astrocytoma-myb-or-mybl1-altered-1">diffuse astrocytoma, MYB- or MYBL1-altered</a></li>-<li><a href="/articles/angiocentric-glioma">angiocentric glioma</a></li>-<li><a href="/articles/polymorphous-low-grade-neuroepithelial-tumour-of-the-young">polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumour of the young</a></li>-<li><a href="/articles/diffuse-low-grade-glioma-mapk-pathway-altered-1">diffuse low-grade glioma, MAPK pathway-altered</a></li>- +<li><p><a href="/articles/diffuse-astrocytoma-myb-or-mybl1-altered-1">diffuse astrocytoma, MYB- or MYBL1-altered</a></p></li>
- +<li><p><a href="/articles/angiocentric-glioma">angiocentric glioma</a></p></li>
- +<li><p><a href="/articles/polymorphous-low-grade-neuroepithelial-tumour-of-the-young">polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumour of the young</a></p></li>
- +<li><p><a href="/articles/diffuse-low-grade-glioma-mapk-pathway-altered-1">diffuse low-grade glioma, MAPK pathway-altered</a></p></li>
-<li> <a href="/articles/diffuse-midline-glioma-h3-k27-altered">diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered</a>-</li>-<li> <a href="/articles/diffuse-hemispheric-glioma-h3-g34-mutant-1">diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant</a>-</li>-<li> <a href="/articles/diffuse-paediatric-type-high-grade-gliomas-h3-wildtype-and-idh-wildtype">diffuse paediatric-type high-grade glioma, H3-wildtype and IDH-wildtype</a>-</li>-<li> <a href="/articles/infant-type-hemispheric-glioma-1">infant-type hemispheric glioma</a>-</li>- +<li><p> <a href="/articles/diffuse-midline-glioma-h3-k27-altered">diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered</a></p></li>
- +<li><p> <a href="/articles/diffuse-hemispheric-glioma-h3-g34-mutant-1">diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant</a></p></li>
- +<li><p> <a href="/articles/diffuse-paediatric-type-high-grade-gliomas-h3-wildtype-and-idh-wildtype">diffuse paediatric-type high-grade glioma, H3-wildtype and IDH-wildtype</a></p></li>
- +<li><p> <a href="/articles/infant-type-hemispheric-glioma-1">infant-type hemispheric glioma</a></p></li>
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.